Peter D. Ouspensky (March 5, 1878, Moscow - October 2, 1947, England), (Pyotr Demianovich Ouspenskii, also Uspenskii or Uspensky) was a Russian philosopher with an analytic and mystical bent who combined geometry and psychology in his discussion of higher dimensions of existence. During his years in Moscow he wrote for several newspapers, and was particularly interested in the then-fashionable idea of the fourth dimension. He is best known, however, for his expositions of the early work of the Greek-Armenian mystic, G.I. Gurdjieff.

Biography

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His first book The Fourth Dimension appeared in 1909, his second book Tertium Organum in 1912 and A New Model of the Universe in 1931. This last work introduced the idea of esotericism, a belief that there exist centers in the world where ancient esoteric knowledge and wisdom are not only preserved, but taught to initiates. He also wrote the novel Strange life of Ivan Osokin, which explored the concept of eternal return. His travels throughout Europe and the East, looking for centers of esoteric knowledge, were unproductive. However, upon his return to Russia, he was introduced to Gurdjieff and spent the next several years studying with him.

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