Theodicy (adjectival form "theodicean") is a specific branch of theology and philosophy that attempts to reconcile the existence of evil in the world with the assumption of a benevolent God. An attempt to reconcile the co-existence of evil and God may thus be called "a theodicy". See the article on the problem of evil for examples.
The term theodicy comes from the Greek ' (theós, "god") and ' (díkē, "justice"), meaning literally "the justice of God". The term was coined in 1710 by the German philosopher Gottfried Leibniz in a work entitled Essais de Théodicée sur la bonté de Dieu, la liberté de l'homme et l'origine du mal ("essay of theodicy about the benevolence of God, the free will of man, and the origin of evil"). The purpose of the essay was to show that the evil in the world does not conflict with the goodness of God, and that notwithstanding its many evils, the world is the best of all possible worlds (see Panglossianism.)
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Theodicies in the Book of Job - by Adam J. Smargon.
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Theodicy in an Evolutionary Perspective - Issue Four of DIALOGOS, November 1996: An Interactive Journal of the Sciences, Philosophy, and Theology.
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