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Historically, a martyr is a person who dies for their convictions or religious faith, such as during the persecution of early Christians in the Roman Empire. Sometimes the term is applied to those who use violence, such as dying for a nation's glory during wartime (usually known under other names such as "fallen warriors"). The death of a martyr is called martyrdom.
History
Martyr is from μαρτυρ, the Greek word for "witness". During the early Roman Empire, the independent cities of Asia Minor made efforts to reward benefactors for their services, and to promote further civic generosity by means of public acclamations, eulogistic honorific decrees were addressed to the Roman authorities and read in public places before an audience. Such commendations are usually referred to in epigraphic sources as martyriai. Christians adopted the phrase "martyrs" in the "testimonies" for the act, suffering and self-sacrifice of the persecuted.
In Judaism
More on [ Martyr ]
Forty Martyrs of England and Wales :: F
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Blessed Martyrs of England - 137 were beatified in 1929, and in 1970 some of these hundreds of confessors and martyrs were canonized as Forty Martyrs of England and Wales.
English Confessors and Martyrs (1534-1729) - An astonishing roll call. Their cultus is approved. In a volume of the Catholic Encyclopedia which came out in 1909; since that time, some of the causes for canonization have been successful, and others have progressed from venerable to blessed.
Meta Description: [ Since this article was published, some of the causes for canonization have been successful, and others have progressed from 'venerable' to 'blessed.' ]
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Saints and Martyrs - Short biographies, and some portraits, of the saints and beati of the English Seminary at Valladolid.
The Oaten Hill Martyrs - Biographies of four men martyred at Canterbury in 1588 and beatified in 1929.
Meta Description: [ Christian History, Catholic,Churches, Martyers, reforamtion, British History, Religion ]
The Story of the Padley Martyrs - Background information, biographical details, and account of the martyrdom of priests Nicholas Garlick, Robert Ludlam, and Richard Simpson at Derby in 1588.
Meta Description: [ Padley Martyres - These were the last words to be spoken by Richard Simpson, the last of the three priests to be executed in Derby on 24 July, 1588 - three men who would later come to be known as ]
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