The Anglo-Saxons were a culturally related people living in Great Britain from around the mid-5th century AD. Germanic peoples, including the Angles, Saxons, Frisians and Jutes, migrated to southern Britain, beginning after the end of Roman rule, though it is not known whether they substantially replaced the existing population. Over time the different people coalesced into a more unified culture. Perhaps under Offa of Mercia, and certainly under Alfred of Wessex and his successors, a kingdom of the Anglo-Saxons existed, which developed into the kingdom of England in the 10th century, one of the main developments of Anglo-Saxon history.

Etymology

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Origins of the word

The term "Anglo-Saxon" is from Latin writings going back to the time of King Alfred the Great, who seems to have frequently used the title rex Anglorum Saxonum or rex Angul-Saxonum.

Bede, writing in the early 8th century in his Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum, (I.15) suggests that:

• the people of the more northern kingdoms (East Anglia, Mercia, Northumbria) belonged to the Angles, who derive their name from the peninsula of Angeln in Schleswig-Holstein (Germany).
• those of Essex, Sussex and Wessex were sprung from the Saxons, who came from the region of Old Saxony.
• those of Kent and southern Hampshire were from the tribe of the Jutes.

More on [ Anglo-Saxons ]

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