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Philosophy of religion is the rational study of the meaning and justification of fundamental religious claims, particularly about the nature and existence of God (or gods, or the divine).
Philosophy of religion as a part of metaphysics
Philosophy of religion has classically been regarded as a part of metaphysics. In Aristotle's, Metaphysics, he described first causes as one of the subjects of his investigation. For Aristotle, God was the first cause: the unmoved mover. This later came to be called natural theology by rationalist philosophers of the 17th and 18th centuries. In Aristotle's Metaphysics he also states that the word that comes closest to describing the meaning of the word God is "Understanding". Today, philosophers have adopted the term 'philosophy of religion' for the subject, and typically it is regarded as a separate field of specialization, though it is also still treated by some, particularly Catholic philosophers, as a part of metaphysics.
It should be clear why considerations of the divine have been regarded as metaphysical. God is usually conceived to be in a distinct category of being; a being different from those of the rest of the universe. For example, God in some traditions is conceived as not having a body. Metaphysics, and in particular ontology, is concerned with the most basic categories of existence, those things that cannot be explained with reference to any other type of existence. Thus one might argue that the very notion of God (or gods, or the divine) cannot be reduced to human concepts of mind or body; God is a sui generis entity.
More on [ Philosophy of religion ]
Science and Religion :: Science in Society
Religion and Spirituality
Religious Studies :: Religion and Spirituality
It took me until the 3rd chapter but this philosophy of religion book is now officially making my head spin. Damn. And... yay!
tom_cho (Tom Cho) Thu, 17 Dec 2009 04:27:35 -0000
It took me until the 3rd chapter but this philosophy of religion book is now officially making my head spin. Damn. And... yay!
oh philosophy of religion..why must you be so hard to remember?!
pinkmegs (Meghan Godbey) Thu, 17 Dec 2009 01:18:16 -0000
oh philosophy of religion..why must you be so hard to remember?!
'ooh philosophy of religion' 'fuckin A man'
theKILLERbecky (Bex) Wed, 16 Dec 2009 15:16:25 -0000
'ooh philosophy of religion' 'fuckin A man'
Now I have learned the philosophy of DJing. Well, more like @ellaskin's philosophy.. But I still follow that! I think I have a new religion.
LanniSoWould (Lanni J Harris) Wed, 16 Dec 2009 04:12:44 -0000
Now I have learned the philosophy of DJing. Well, more like @ellaskin's philosophy.. But I still follow that! I think I have a new religion.
@hum__hallelujah You should take Philosophy of Religion with Fales, he's awesome and the class is awesome.
AlecMarshall (Alec McMullen) Wed, 16 Dec 2009 00:05:25 -0000
@hum__hallelujah You should take Philosophy of Religion with Fales, he's awesome and the class is awesome.
Sharad elbowed out enough time to read some philosophy of religion as a reward for finishing stuff a little early today.: elbowed out en...
SharadTheYadav (SharadTheYadav) Tue, 15 Dec 2009 22:32:35 -0000
Sharad elbowed out enough time to read some philosophy of religion as a reward for finishing stuff a little early today.: elbowed out en...
Analytic Philosophy of Religion - Resources in the analytic philosophical tradition, including religious epistemology, theistic arguments, medieval philosophy, and teaching resources and discussion groups.
Meta Description: [ A website devoted to philosophy of religion in the analytical tradition. The site includes papers by Dr. Michael Sudduth on religious epistemology, theism, and Reformed philosophical theology. There are also teaching resources and links to other related sites. ]
Ars Disputandi - Online journal for philosophy of religion. It publishes refereed articles, literature surveys and discussion notes, as well as book reviews and bibliographies.
Meta Description: [ Ars Disputandi is the first online journal for the philosophy of religion. AD provides a forum for the exchange of ideas and arguments and promotes research of issues in the philosophy of religion. ]
Baylor University: Philosophy of Religion - Many links on religious philosophers and their impact through history. From a course taught by Scott Moore.
Centre for Theology and Politics - A collaborative research group devoted to interrogating the Christian theological tradition including its philosophical political underpinnings, intervention into contemporary thought culture.
Meta Description: [ car accessories cellular cell phone deals download ringtones video games ]
Descriptive and Formal Ontology: The Ontological Argument from Anselm to Gödel - A selected bibliography on the ontological argument, with particular attention to the historical and logical developments.
Meta Description: [ a selection of sources and a bibliography on the ontological argument for the existence of god from anselm to godel - first part ]
FaithQuest - Articles on the philosophy of religion by leading Christian philosophers including Richard Swinburne, Alvin Plantinga, Brian Leftow and William Alston.
Meta Description: [ Faithquest ]
Georgetown University: Philosophy and Theology - Links to sites on the most influential writers and thinkers who have influenced theology through the years.
Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Ontological Argument - Article by Kenneth Einar Himma reviewing the argument's development through Anselm, Aquinas, Kant and Plantinga.
Kluwer Academic Publishers: International Journal for Philosophy of Religion - Independent journal concerned with the exposition, development, and criticism of theories relevant to religion in any form.
Leadership University: William Lane Craig Articles Index - Articles on the existence of God, divine eternity, and omniscience by the noteworthy Christian philosopher and apologist.
Lock Haven University of Pennsylvania: Leading Scientists Still Reject God - Article by Donald Simanek considering the current theory that scientists are finding evidence allowing for God.
Meta Description: [ Summary of SCIENCE paper
comparing religious beliefs of NAS scientists in 1914, 1933, 1998 ]
Lux Veritatis - A study of Catholic philosophy, St. Thomas Aquinas, and current issues.
Of the Impossibility of an Ontological Proof of the Existence of God - A passage from Kant's Critique of Pure Reason.
Philosophy of Religion - Explains and assesses the classical arguments for and against God's existence. Includes a section on divine command theory.
Meta Description: [ The philosophy of religion demystified. Explore arguments for and against theism, atheism and agnosticism, including the classic proofs and disproofs of God's existence, and a look at controversial Christian doctrines. ]
Rudolf Steiner and Religion - The Religion Section of the Rudolf Steiner Archive presents some of the lectures and publications of Rudolf Steiner related to the Philosophy of Religion.
Meta Description: [ Rudolf Steiner Archive: Religion Section: the Religion Section of the Rudolf Steiner Archive presents some of the lectures and publications of Rudolf Steiner that are related to Religion. They are specifically designated as related to Religion in the Catalogue of Holdings. ]
Society of Christian Philosophers - Aims to go beyond the usual philosophy of religion sessions at the APA, and stimulate thinking on the nature and role of Christian commitment in philosophy. Based at Southern Illinois University.
Meta Description: [ The Society of Christian Philosophers is an academic society open to
anyone interested in thinking about the nature and role of Christian commitment in philosophy. ]
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Cosmology and Theology - Reasoning known as the cosmological argument attempts to justify belief in God by pointing to the existence of the cosmos, its causal orderliness, and alleged evidence of its being in some sense designed to include life and intelligence.
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Descartes' Ontological Argument - Discussion of René Descartes' ontological proof of the existence of God. By Lawrence Nolan.
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Immutability - Entry by Brian Leftow on the doctrine that God cannot undergo real change.
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Omnipotence - The theistic thesis that God has maximal power. By Joshua Hoffman and Gary Rosenkrantz.
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Ontological Arguments - A survey by Graham Oppy of arguments for God's existence that do not proceed from observation of the world around us.
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Pascal's Wager - Argument due to Blaise Pascal for believing, or for at least taking steps to believe, in God. Encyclopedia entry by Alan Hájek.
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Philosophy and Christian Theology - Michael Murray's discussion of philosophical implications of Christian theological views.
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Theological Voluntarism - Survey of divine command theory by Mark Murphy.
The Lublin School of Philosophy - Known also as Lublin Thomism and Christian Existentialism. Site contains basic information and articles.
Meta Description: [ Philosophy of Aquinas, Lublin School of Philosophy, Christian existentialism, Catholic University of Lublin ]
The Philosophers' Magazine: Battleground God - Interactive quiz. Try to answer seventeen questions about God without contradicting your previous answers.
The Proceedings of the Friesian School: Philosophy of Religion - In the tradition of the Friesian School, this is a non-peer-reviewed electronic journal and archive of philosophy of religion edited by Kelley L. Ross, Ph.D.
Theism - A study of the nature and attributes of the God of classical theism.
Meta Description: [ A look at the God of classical theism, his nature and attributes. ]
Theistic Philosophers on the Web - Links to individuals who classify themselves as both philosophers and theists.
University of Notre Dame: Center for Philosophy of Religion - Established in 1976 to encourage philosophy that takes Christianity for granted, exploring the consequences of theism rather than questioning its basis.
University of Notre Dame: Jacques Maritain Center - Includes interviews, art, works, biography, and dictionaries.
Wabash College: Internet Religion and Theology Links - Collection of resources on philosophers of religion by Charles Bellinger.
Western Kentucky University: Philosophical Views of God - Essay by Jan Garrett reviewing various philosophical perspectives on God, including the views of the Stoics, Augustine and Hartshorne.
Wikipedia: Gödel's Ontological Proof - Article on 20th-century logician Kurt Gödel's formulation of this argument for God's existence.
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