Eastern philosophy refers very broadly to the various philosophies of India, Iran (Persia), China, Japan, Korea, and to an extent, the Middle East (which overlaps with Western philosophy due to being the origin of the Abrahamic religions).
The usefulness of dividing philosophy into Western philosophy and other philosophies, in contrast to a notion that there can be one philosophy, not many, is open to challenge, partly because some see it as condescending to non-Western philosophies. To say this is not to deny that there are important traditions in philosophy that are intimately bound up with historical and geographical circumstances. At the same time however, there are examples of philosophers who are persecuted by the majority in their geographical circumstances and stand against the common opinions and practices of their specific time and place. Many claim that geographical and time notions of "Western" and "Eastern" philosophy is too vague and imprecise, committing the fallacy of over generalization.
When the term "philosophy" is used in an academic context, it typically refers to the philosophical tradition begun with the ancient Greeks that provided us with an abundance of manuscripts and archealogical sites to study and research. The "Eastern philosophical" manuscripts and archealogical sites are often overlooked in many North American and European universities, just as ancient "Western" and monotheistic claims are also overlooked in the last few decades, unlike in the early 1900's.
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Is Philosophy of Science Alive in the East? A Report from Japan - Talk delivered in 2002 by Soshichi Uchii. Considers the current state of the Japanese philosophy of science, prospects for improvement, and historical context.
Japanese Philosophy - Sample article from the Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy, by Thomas P. Kasulis. Reviews the development of Japanese thought from the archaic period to the present.
Meta Description: [ Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy ]
Japanese Philosophy and Religion Books - Short reviews of English translations of numerous texts on these subjects.
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