"Women's studies" was first conceived as an academic rubric apart from other departments in the late 1960s, as the second wave of feminism gained political influence in the academy through student and faculty activism. As an academic discipline, it was modeled on the American studies and ethnic studies (such as Afro-American studies) and Chicano Studies programs that had arisen shortly before it. The first Women's Studies Program in the United States was established on May 21, 1970 at San Diego State College after a year of intense organizing (women's consciousness raising groups, rallies, petition circulating, and operating unofficial or experimental classes and presentations before seven committees and assemblies). Carol Rowell Council was the student co-founder along with Dr. Joyce Nower, a literature instructor. In the 1970s many universities and colleges created departments and programs in women's studies, and professorships became available in the field which did not require the sponsorship of other departments.
Controversy
Women's studies has caused a great deal of debate. Advocates argue that it helps bring to light issues that were otherwise missing in the university. Critics charge that the courses tend towards misandry and indoctrination, while limiting space for dissenting opinions. It is also sometimes regarded as a quasi-intellectual field of study by academics involved in traditional disciplines, men and women alike. Specific criticisms focus around the work done in the field which critics allege is unscholarly and the peculiarities of many of the specific professors (See Mary Daly and Catharine MacKinnon).
More on [ Women's studies ]
404Canadian Womens Studies Online - Links and other information provided by the University of Toronto, Graduate Collaborative Program in Women's Studies.
404Inform Women's Studies Database - The University of Maryland women's studies database. Serves those interested in the women's studies. Topics include conferences, bibliographies, calls for papers, program support, gender issues, bibiliography and syllabi, employment, and government.
The New York Times - Women's Studies - A news resource from the New York Times for student and faculty academic research. News archive searchable by interest or field of study, and an email news alert.
500theory.org.uk - Covers media studies and gender studies, with content on queer theory, gender, Foucault, Judith Butler, media influences, cyberculture, role models, and critical theory.
Meta Description: [ www.theory.org.uk is a website of materials about the mass media and its relationship to people's identities, gender, sexuality and behaviour. Resources include info, essays, reviews, links and more. Theorists include Giddens, Foucault, Butler. ]