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Labour law (American English: labor) or employment law is the body of laws, administrative rulings, and precedents which addresses the legal rights of, and restrictions on, workers and their organisations. As such, it mediates many aspects of the relationship between trade unions, employers and employees. In some countries (such as Canada), employment laws related to unionised workplaces are differentiated from those relating to particular individuals. In most countries however, no such distinction is made. The labour movement, heavily influenced by socialism, has been instrumental in the enacting of laws protecting labour rights in the 19th and 20th centuries.
The function and origins of labour law
Labour law arose due to the demands of workers for better conditions and the right to organise, and the simultaneous demands of employers to restrict the powers of workers' organisations and keep labour costs low. Employers costs can increase due to workers organising to win better wages, or by laws emposing costly requirements, such as health and safety or equal opportunities conditions. Workers' organisations, such as trade unions, can also transcend purely industrial disputes, and gain political power - certain interests in society may be opposed to this. The state of labour law at any one time is therefore both the product of, and a component of the conditions for, struggles between different interests in society.
For example, workers' and trade union legal rights in the United States are relatively restricted, compared to most European countries. However, the compartmentalization between different laws systems mean that illegal aliens, for example, may work in the same sectors as full citizens (although they most often work in difficult and tiring jobs which natives don't want). As a counter-example, if labor laws are more protective in France, due to social, historic and cultural differences, illegal aliens may not be legally contracted. Thus, they have a more difficult time finding jobs and often work in the underground economy. However, if they do manage to get residency or, better yet, be naturalized, than they will get better labor conditions than US immigrants.
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Labor and Employment Law :: Legal Information
Resources :: Labor and Employment Law
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ABA Section of Labor and Employment Law - Offering committee reports, meeting materials, The Labor Lawyer journal, calendar of events, and discussion groups for section members.
Meta Description: [ The ABA Section of Labor and Employment Law is your link to the most current, comprehensive information in this dynamic legal field. From industry leading publications to top notch CLE programs, the ABA Section of Labor and Employment Law is a vital resource for you and your practice. ]
California Employment Lawyers Association - Includes member list, links to resources including how to find out information about an employer.
Meta Description: [ The California Employment Lawyers Association
is a statewide organization of attorneys representing employees in
employment termination and discrimination cases. ]
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CASA of Maryland Employment Rights Project - Non-profit providing employment law services, mostly to Latinos, in suburban Washington D.C. and Baltimore. Information on recent cases and upcoming events. The page is also available in Spanish.
Center for Protection of Workers' Rights - Occupational safety and health employment law information. Affliliated with AFL-CIO.
Chet Levitt Fund - Makes small grants to cover specific employment court case expenses, such as depositions, expert witnesses, and the printing of appellate records and briefs. Site includes information of applying for a granta and donating to the fund.
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Community Legal Services Employment Unit (Philadelphia PA) - The Employment Unit provides assistance to individuals in employment law cases, including criminal records when they are an unlawful barrier to employment, unemployment insurance, and discrimination. The Unit also engages in state-wide and national advocacy on issues of concern to low-wage workers.
Meta Description: [ CLS is one of the few legal services programs in the nation with a history of employment law advocacy. Its Employment Unit, formed more than 30 years ago, has numerous notable victories, such as its litigation to racially integrate the Pennsylvania State Police and the operating engineers trade i... ]
D.C. Employment Justice Center - Advocates for low-wage workers in the Washington D.C. metropolitan area. Provides online know your rights information about D.C., Maryland and Virginia employment law.
Embracing Equality - Offshoot of a European Union program, focusing on European Union and United Kingdom employment law. Provides news of new employment legislation, descriptions of existing laws and suggestions for compliance. Also offers free advice to West or Central London companies.
Meta Description: [ Embracing Equality - provides employers with information about equality and diversity in the workplace ]
Employment Lawyers Association (United Kingdom) - Site includes legal summaries, member list, and description of legislative and pro bono work.
Meta Description: [ ELA Website ]
Florida National Employment Lawyers Association Chapter - Includes member list and Florida legal links.
Georgia National Employment Lawyers Association Chapter - Includes member list, calendar and article on attorneys' fees.
Greater Boston Legal Services Employment Unit - Fights poverty among low-wage workers, who struggle to make ends meet and to support their families. The Unit uses a range of advocacy strategies to help low-wage workers maximize their income and overcome obstacles which limit their employment opportunities and wage levels. Engages in city, state and national advocacy on employment law issues.
Guild Law Center For Economic and Social Justice - Expertise in the WARN Act regarding the employment law of plant closures and layoffs. Also works on living wage law enforcement.
Meta Description: [ The Sugar Law Center for Economic & Social Justice, a national nonprofit that provides legal support and advocacy for working people and communities. ]
Hawaii National Employment Lawyers Association Chapter - Includes member list.
Legal Aid Society-Employment Law Center (San Francisco) - Legal services for low-income workers throughout the Bay Area. Numerous fact sheets on the rights of California workers.
Meta Description: [ The Legal Aid Society - Employment Law Center works primarily in three areas to advance the workplace rights of low-income and minority workers--litigation, direct services and legislative advocacy. ]
Metropolitan Washington Employment Lawyers Association - Washington D.C. area chapter. Site includes information about membership, legislation and a members-only brief bank.
Minnesota National Employment Lawyers Association Chapter - Includes member list and information on legal briefs (friend of the court) they have filed in Minnesota.
Meta Description: [ Minnesota chapter of NELA's official website ]
National Employment Law Project - A national advocacy organization for employment rights of lower-wage workers. Site includes news, policy papers, and know your rights publications, mostly geared toward low-wage workers' rights. Includes sections on immigrant workers, unemployment insurance, non-standard workers, and work/family conflicts.
Meta Description: [ NELP Home page. ]
National Employment Lawyers Association - NELA is the country's only professional organization that is comprised only of lawyers who represent individual employees in cases involving employment discrimination, wrongful termination, employee benefits and other employment-related matters.
Meta Description: [ The National Employment Lawyers Association advocates for employee rights and workplace fairness while promoting the highest standards of professionalism, ethics and judicial integrity. ]
New Jersey National Employment Lawyers Association Chapter - Includes member list and events calendar.
Ohio Employment Lawyers Association - Includes member list.
Oklahoma Employment Lawyers Association - Includes basic primer on federal employment discrimination laws, and lawyer referral service.
Meta Description: [ OELA, Oklahoma Employment Lawyers Association ]
Texas Employment Lawyers Association - Includes member list.
The College of Labor and Employment Lawyers - Promoting achievement, advancement and excellence in the practice of labor and employment law.
Meta Description: [ The College of Labor and Employment Lawyers - promoting excellence in labor and employment law. ]
Virginia Justice Center for Farm and Immigrant Workers - Supports low-wage immigrant workers throughout the Commonwealth of Virginia in their efforts to be treated fairly in the workplace. Legal Info section includes know your rights publications in English and Spanish.
Workplace Fairness - Affiliated with National Employment Lawyers Association. Site contains information about employee's rights under federal law, presented in question and answer format. Also includes news about policy developments.
Meta Description: [ A nonprofit organization that provides information and advocacy about job rights and employment issues to help people understand, protect, and strengthen workers' rights. ]
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