Gourt > Society > Issues > Race Ethnic Religious Relations > Hate > Anti Semitism (1)
Anti-Semitism (alternatively spelled antisemitism) is hostility toward or prejudice against Jews as a religious, ethnic, or racial group, which can range from individual hatred to institutionalized, violent persecution. The highly explicit ideology of Adolf Hitler's Nazism was the most extreme example of this phenomenon, leading to a genocide of the European Jewry. Anti-Semitism takes different forms:
- Religious anti-Semitism, or anti-Judaism. Before the 19th century, most anti-Semitism was primarily religious in nature, based on Christian or Islamic interactions with and interpretations of Judaism. Since Judaism was generally the largest minority religion in Christian Europe, Jews were often the primary targets of religiously-motivated violence and persecution from Christian and, to a lesser degree, Islamic rulers. Unlike anti-Semitism in general, this form of prejudice is directed at the religion itself, and so generally does not affect those of Jewish ancestry who have converted to another religion, although the case of Conversos in Spain was a notable exception. Laws banning Jewish religious practices may be rooted in religious anti-Semitism, as were the expulsions of Jews that happened throughout the Middle Ages.
- Racial anti-Semitism. With its origins in the early and popularly misunderstood evolutionary ideas of race that started during the Enlightenment, racial anti-Semitism became the dominant form of anti-Semitism from the late 19th century through today. Racial anti-Semitism replaced the hatred of Judaism as a religion with the idea that the Jews themselves were a racially distinct group, regardless of their religious practice, and that they were inferior or worthy of animosity. With the rise of racial anti-Semitism, conspiracy theories about Jewish plots in which Jews were somehow acting in concert to dominate the world became a popular form of anti-Semitic expression.
- New anti-Semitism. Many analysts and Jewish groups believe there is a distinctly new form of late 20th century anti-Semitism, called the New anti-Semitism, which is associated with the Left, rather than the Right, borrowing language and concepts from anti-Zionism.Chesler, Phyllis. The New Anti-Semitism: The Current Crisis and What We Must Do About It, Jossey-Bass, 2003, pp. 158-159, 181. Kinsella, Warren. The New anti-Semitism, accessed March 5, 2006. Doward, Jamie. "Jews predict record level of hate attacks: Militant Islamic media accused of stirring up new wave of anti-semitism", The Guardian, August 8, 2004. Endelman, Todd M. "Antisemitism in Western Europe Today" in Contemporary Antisemitism: Canada and the World, University of Toronto Press, 2005, pp. 65-79. Some of these analysts identify anti-Zionism with anti-Semitism, arguing that anti-Zionism "advocates denial of the right to self-determination of the Jewish people."Matas, David. Aftershock: Anti-Zionism and anti-Semitism, Dundurn Press, 2005, p.31.
Etymology and usage
The word antisemitic ( in German) was probably first used in 1860 by the Jewish scholar Moritz Steinschneider in the phrase "antisemitic prejudices" (). Steinschneider used this phrase to characterize Ernest Renan's ideas about how "Semitic races" were inferior to "Aryan races." These pseudo-scientific theories concerning race, civilization, and "progress" had become quite widespread in Europe in the second half of the 19th century, especially as Prussian nationalistic historian Heinrich von Treitschke did much to promote this form of racism. In Treitschke's writings Semitic was practically synonymous with Jewish, in contrast to its usage by Renan and others. More on [ Anti-Semitism ]
Jewish Christian Dialogue :: Interreligious Dialogue
Judaism
RT @alanauthor: Why the false charge of anti-Semitism? "Zionist lobby knows it cannot win on the facts" http://bit.ly/7IB8Gm
Geetas75 (J Geetas) Mon, 21 Dec 2009 12:12:47 -0000
RT @alanauthor: Why the false charge of anti-Semitism? "Zionist lobby knows it cannot win on the facts" http://bit.ly/7IB8Gm
The organ harvesting revelations highlight #Israel 's unmitigated audacity in claiming anti-Semitism to defend their every crime
lucidnitram (lucidnitram) Mon, 21 Dec 2009 11:59:47 -0000
The organ harvesting revelations highlight #Israel 's unmitigated audacity in claiming anti-Semitism to defend their every crime
My response to Anti-Semitism The cause of anti-Semitism is also the solution.
Jessiartxix (Else Abraham) Mon, 21 Dec 2009 11:42:09 -0000
My response to Anti-Semitism The cause of anti-Semitism is also the solution.
#homeland DiManno: Agency's anti-Israel role is obvious: Stating the parameters of anti-Semitism a ' for many that ... http://bit.ly/6pxe9g
bobc_mass (Bob Connors) Mon, 21 Dec 2009 11:23:44 -0000
#homeland DiManno: Agency's anti-Israel role is obvious: Stating the parameters of anti-Semitism a ' for many that ... http://bit.ly/6pxe9g
RT @mayangrl: Being Anti-Israel and Anti-Zionist Is the "New Anti-Semitism" http://bit.ly/8DweMn /via @maafa
Ahuitzotl (Ahuitzotl Tonantzin) Mon, 21 Dec 2009 11:14:45 -0000
RT @mayangrl: Being Anti-Israel and Anti-Zionist Is the "New Anti-Semitism" http://bit.ly/8DweMn /via @maafa
The New Anti-Semitism Anti-Semitism today is officially sanctioned state ideology and is being turned
Ashaiscgg (Josie Bellotti) Mon, 21 Dec 2009 11:12:07 -0000
The New Anti-Semitism Anti-Semitism today is officially sanctioned state ideology and is being turned
Responses - A collection of resources on the history of Anti-semitism.
Meta Description: [ Anti-Semitism and Responses in the Cyber encyclopedia of Jewish history and culture. Includes articles, bibliography, original documents and much more! ]
Anti-Defamation League (ADL) - Aims to stop the defamation of the Jewish people, and secure justice and fair treatment to all peoples.
Meta Description: [ The mission of the Anti-Defamation League is to stop the defamation of the Jewish people, to secure justice and fair treatment to all citizens alike. ]
Anti-Semitic Legends - Presents legends reflecting an anti-Jewish sentiment long exhibited by European Christians.
Anti-Semitism: What Is It? - Examines the historical roots of anti-semitism, with a special focus on the Holocaust.
Antisemitism and Xenophobia Today - A country-by-country report on antisemitism, racism and xenophobia.
Antisemitism in the Former Soviet Union, 1995-1997 - Includes studies of anti-semitism in Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakstan, Latvia, Moldova, Russia, and the Ukraine.
Antisemitism Research Resources - Provides annotated links and original material about anti-semitism and the Holocaust.
Meta Description: [ This Web site provides annotated links and original material about antisemitism and the Holocaust (Shoah) ]
Antisemitism, Its History and Causes, 1894 - By Bernard Lazare, from the Jewish History Sourcebook.
Antisemitism: The Politicization of Prejudice in the Contemporary World - Companion site to an academic conference held at the University of Toronto, February 10-11, 2003. Includes archived webcasts of addresses by speakers.
Beyond the Pale: The Development of Modern Anti-Semitism - Examines the historical development of popular and political anti-semitism.
Causes of Antisemitism - Discusses two separate root causes of antisemitism.
Meta Description: [ ### ### ]
Classical and Christian Anti-Semitism - A teacher's guide to lessons about the historical roots of anti-semitism.
H-Antisemitism Discussion Network - H-Antisemitism encourages scholarly discussion of the history of antisemitism and makes available diverse bibliographical, research and teaching aids.
Islam Denounces Antisemitism - Examines Islam as it relates to antisemitism and other racist ideologies. Denounces these ideologies and defends the rights of the Jews against antisemitism.
Jerusalem Popular Fund - THE SHYLOCK PROJECT is a multi-facetted, integrated project, whose goal is to examine, from a new perspective via contemporary Israeli and world discourse, the roots of hatred of Jews as manifested in the arts today.
Jew Watch, Google, and Search Engine Optimization - Examines issues surrounding the high ranking of an anti-semitic website for searches on the word Jew. The search results present complex issues of unintended consequences and social dilemmas.
Meta Description: [ Google SEO by anti-semitic site ]
Jew-Jew.com: A Response to Jew Watch - Explains how anti-Semitic sites can be defeated on the Internet through direct action and search engine optimization.
Meta Description: [ Jews react to Jew Watch and suggest what the Jewish community online can do to get rid of Jew Watch. ]
Judaism Reading List: Antisemitism and Christian Relations - List of sources on such topics as oppression, Judaism and Christianity, rumours and myths, and anti-semitism.
500
Manifestations of Antisemitism in the EU, 2002-2003 - A report by the European Monitoring Centre on Racism and Xenophobia.
Middle East Observer - Calls for an Anti-Terror Convention and has essays on Anti-Semitism, anti-Israel miedia bias, the Middle East crisis, Israel, and other related topics.
Meta Description: [ Site dealing with all aspects of the Holocaust, Understanding, Prevention, Legacy, causes, Final Solution. Includes poetry, plays, stories, scenes. ]
MidEast Web - Jews, Jewish Religion, the Talmud and Zionism - Discusses anti-Semitic interpretations of the Talmud and Zionism.
Meta Description: [ Jews and Jew Hate: Sense and Nonsense about Jews, Judaism, Zionism, anti-Semitism, anti-Zionism, the Talmud, Hesronot Shas the Khazars and anti-Semitism ]
Patterns of Anti-Jewish Violence in the Wake of the Earliest Ritual Murder Accusations - Paper by Deborah Jo Miller, delivered April 16, 1994 at the Fordham University Conference on Violence in the Middle Ages.
Soc Culture Jewish Antisemitism Reading List - Bibliography of books on antisemtism and related topics.
The Black Death and the Jews 1348-1349 CE - Examines the rumor that the Black Death was an international conspiracy of Jewry to poison Christendom. From the Jewish History Sourcebook.
The Politics of Anti-Semitism - A book from CounterPunch, published in 2003. Links to each contribution in the book.
Meta Description: [ Link til online udgaven af artiklerne i Bogen: The Politics of Anti-Semitism
Edited by Alexander Cockburn and Jeffrey St. Clair. Petrolia/Oakland, CA, CounterPunch and AK Press, 2003. 178 sider.
]
The Stephen Roth Institute for the Study of Contemporary Anti-Semitism - Monitors anti-Semitism, racism, neo-Nazism, holocaust denial and hate groups.
Meta Description: [ The Institute monitors manifestations of
anti-Semitism, racism, xenophobia, neo-Nazism, Holocaust denial and
activities of hate groups worldwide. ]
The Vidal Sasson International Center for the Study of Antisemitism (SICSA) - An interdisciplinary research center dedicated to an independent, non-political approach to the accumulation and dissemination of knowledge necessary for understanding the phenomenon of antisemitism.
US Department of State - Report on Global Anti-Semitism - Released by the Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor. Thorough summary of worldwide anti-semitic actions from July 2003 to December 2004.
Wagner and the Jews - Online book covering Wagner's antisemitism.
What's in a Hyphen? - Examines how the inclusion or omission of the hyphen in antisemitism conveys a message
Wikipedia - Anti-Semitism - Long set of articles at this internet encyclopedia.
Zionism-Israel.com - Judeophobia - History of antisemitism - An online book excerpt translated and adapted by Gustavo Perednik from his book Judeophobia, describing the history of antisemitism from ancient times to the current day.
Meta Description: [ Gustavo Perednik - Judeophobia - a history and analysis of anti-Semitism, Jew Hate and Anti-Zionism - A 12 part course tracing the history of Jew hate from ancient times to today. ]
| "It's a Trick, We Always Use It." (calling people "anti-Semitic") | |
| Next Video | |
