Xenotransplantation is the transplantation of cells, tissues or organs from one species to another such as from pigs to humans. Such cells, tissues or organs are called xenografts (xenotransplants). The terms heterograft and heterotransplant are also sometimes used, while the term homograft refers to a same-species transplant.
Xenotransplantation offers a potential treatment for end-stage organ failure, one of the most important health problems facing the industrialized world today. It also raises many novel medical, legal and ethical issues. A continuing concern is that cows and pigs have different lifespans than humans and their tissues age at a different rate. Disease transmission (xenozoonosis) and permanent alteration to the genetic code of animals are a cause for concern.
Because there is a worldwide shortage of organs for clinical transplantation about 60% of patients needing new organs die on the waiting list. In many cases there is so little chance of a person actually receiving a transplant, doctors do not even add the person to the list, causing an underrepresentation of the shortage. Recent advances in understanding the mechanisms of transplant organ rejection have brought science to a stage where it is reasonable to consider that organs from other species, probably pigs, may soon be engineered to minimize the risk of serious rejection and used as an alternative to human tissues, possibly ending organ shortages.
More on [ Xenotransplantation ]
Animal Experiments - Vivisection :: Animal Welfare
Genetics :: Biotechnology

Animal-to-Human Transplants - Information about the procedures involved and the risk it may have for humans.
Meta Description: [ Transgenic transplants or
xenotransplants are offered as the solution to a shortage
of human body parts. Xenotransplants may save a few lives
(assuming the transplant is not rejected and no
complications arise), but in doing so could put the whole
human race at risk through the transfer of u... ]
Campaign for Responsible Transplantation - An international coalition of physicians, scientists, and public interest groups opposing xenotransplantation because of the risk of transferring deadly animal viruses to the human population.
Meta Description: [ The Campaign for Responsible Transplantation is an international coalition of physicians, scientists, and public interest groups opposing xenotransplantation because of the risk of transferring deadly animal viruses to the human population. ]
Diaries of Despair - On September 21 2000, Uncaged Campaigns and the British national paper Daily Express produced what they describe as one of the most devastating exposés of animal experimentation ever to occur: the secret history of pig-to-primate organ transplants
Meta Description: [ Diaries of Despair. The secret history of pig-to-primate organ transplants. ]
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New Pig Virus Capable of Infecting Humans - Australian scientists sounded a new warning against cross-species transplants after two piggery workers were found to be infected with a previously unknown virus, which had caused stillbirths and brain and spinal cord defects in pigs.
Of Pigs, Primates, and Plagues - Critique of xenotransplantation.
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Oink if You Are For Organ Transplantation - Article by Javier Burgo which condemns the practice of xenotransplantation.
Setback for Animal to Human Transplants (BBC) - Article about a moratorium, ordered by the Council of Europe, on clinical tests of animal organ transplants.
Meta Description: [ A Europe-wide ban has been imposed on the transplantation of animal organs into human beings. ]
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Xenotransplant News - Details of a petition filed by the Campaign for Responsible Transplantation.
Xenotransplantation - Includes a survey, list of people active in the field, publications and news.
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