The word critic comes from the Greek κριτικός, kritikós - one who discerns, which itself arises from the Ancient Greek word κριτής, krités, meaning a person who offers reasoned judgement or analysis, value judgement, interpretation, or observation. The term can also be used to describe an adherent of a position disagreeing with or opposing the object of criticism.
Modern critics include professionals or amateurs who regularly judge or interpret performances or other works (such as that of artists, scientists, musicians or actors) and, typically, publish their observations, often in periodicals. Critics are numerous in certain fields, including art critics, music critics, film critics, theatre or drama, restaurant and scientific publication critics.
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Tobacco :: Consumer Goods and Services
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Tobacco Industry Documents :: Tobacco

The Cigarette Papers - Book on what the Brown and Williamson documents reveal about BW, cigarettes, smoking, and the tobacco industry. Entire book now available free, online.
Revelations in the Corporate D ocuments - Analysis of tobacco industry memos and internal documents reveals industry strategies to undermine tobacco prevention and push up cigarette sales in Cambodia, China, Hong Kong SAR, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand.
1980 Philip Morris Memo Outlined Need to Conceal Nicotine Studies - Washington Post article covers secret Philip Morris memo that acknowledged that nicotine was a drug and highlighted the company's need to downplay that fact.
Meta Description: [ The Tech - MIT's Oldest and Largest Newspaper and The First Newspaper Published on the Internet ]
A Frank Statement - On January 4, 1954, in response to continuing scientific reports on the health effects of smoking, the tobacco industry published this ad in more than 400 newspapers. It was a seminal moment in the history of tobacco, and also of public relations.
Meta Description: [ The publication of the Frank Statement marked the beginning of the industry's long-term plan to disseminate misinformation about the health effects of tobacco to the American public. . . 'We accept an interest in people's health as a basic responsibility, paramount to every other consideration in... ]
Addicted to Profit: Big Tobacco's Expanding Global Reach - Big picture presentation: money, power, addiction, sales, and how it plays out in different countries.
American Heart Association: Tobacco Industry's Economic and Political Influence - AHA shows how tobacco companies have used their economic power to wield considerable influence on the political process.
Meta Description: [ To help reduce the economic and financial influence of the tobacco industry, the American Heart Association supports efforts to level the playing field for health advocates through political action committee (PAC) and campaign finance reform, gift and honoraria limits, so that members of Congress... ]
AS3 Archives: The Cigarette Company Mentality Collection - Archive of industry quotes, public and private.
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Australian Tobacco Industry Internal Documents - Australian researcher presents internal tobacco industry documents on: advertising, targeting children; confusing the public on smoking and health; funding scientists, doctors, and consultants; secondhand smoke; plain packaging and health warnings; corporate plans, industry meetings; and product manipulation.
Big Tobacco Accused of Destroying Evidence - Washington post article covers tobacco industry document shredding, attempts to discredit anti-smoking activists, and attempts to bribe health officials.
Big Tobacco Bounces Back - Philip Morris et al. are recasting themselves as kinder, gentler companies concerned about their communities. Meanwhile, they're strong-arming the TV networks to block counter-ads which might persuade you otherwise.
Big Tobacco Infiltrated UN Agencies - World Health Organisation report says tobacco industry sabotaged WHO tobacco control efforts.
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bmj.com Philip Morris memo - Formerly secret memo describes Philip Morris's programs to influence the political and scientific process in Europe in the 1990s.
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CBC News - Indepth: Smoking Up a Storm - Interviews with tobacco whisteblower Dr. Jeffrey Wigand, and a tobacco industry PR representative.
Committee on the Judiciary - Humphrey Statement - Statement by Minnesota Attorney General Humbert Humphrey III before the House Judiciary Committee on tobacco policy and the June 20th settlement. All the tobacco industry asks you to do, Mr. Chairman, is to guarantee them decades of prosperity...Members of this Committee, you don't need Philip Morris' blessing to proceed.
Concentration of Power - Section from report on the tobacco industry examines where power is concentrated in the tobacco industry.
Criminal Investigation Of The Tobacco Industry, Clifford E. Douglas - Douglas is the President of Tobacco Control Law Policy Consulting. Speech given to the Northeastern University School Of Law.
Meta Description: [ Clifford E. Douglas, President Tobacco Control Law & Policy Consulting, Draft Of Speech Given At 13th Annual Conference Of The Tobacco Products Liability Project Northeastern University School Of Law Boston, Massachusetts ]
Daily Doc: Philip Morris aggression - Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals started marketing Nicorette gum in the early 1980s. In response, Philip Morris ceased all of its humectant purchases from Dow, and let them know why.
Meta Description: [ When Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals started marketing Nicorette gum in the early 1980s, it put out a newsletter in doctors' clinics called the Smoking Cessation Newsletter. . . To punish Dow for the unforgivable transgression of encouraging people to quit smoking cigarettes, PM ceased all of its hum... ]
DeNoble: Tobacco Industry Chooses Money Over Lives - Victor DeNoble, a former researcher for Philip Morris, shares his experience.
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Diary of Denial - An Australian history of tobacco industry denials about the health effects of smoking, addictiveness of nicotine and marketing of tobacco products to children.
Don't Be Fooled Again Report - Welcome to a new era of cooperation as BW Tobacco put it on March 1998. A kinder, gentler, tobacco industry? This report from Public Citizen is skeptical.
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Evidence to the House of Commons Health Select Committee Inquiry into the Conduct of the Tobacco Industry - Report by ASH-UK and the Royal College of Nursing on tobacco industry conduct; draws heavily on internal industry documents; focus on industry duplicity, particularly regarding addiction and low tar cigarettes.
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eye - The Cigarette Papers - New evidence shows how Canadian tobacco companies marketed to minors, and manipulated nicotine. Article from Eye magazine.
Failed Promises of the Cigarette Industry and its Effect on Consumer Misperceptions about the Health Risks of Smoking - Research reviews the public statements made by the tobacco industry and private statements inside the industry, assesses the extent to which cigarette companies fulfilled their 1954 promises, and evaluates the effect on consumer knowledge of the product.
FDA Report On Nicotine In Cigarettes - Features Industry Statements on Nicotine's Drug Effects and Industry Manipulation and control of nicotine delivery
Former Surgeon General: Big Tobacco Attacked Efforts to Safeguard Public - The tobacco industry refused to cooperate with government efforts to reduce deaths and disease caused by smoking, the surgeon general under former President Jimmy Carter testified.
Frontline: inside the tobacco deal - Interview with Dr. David Kessler.
GASP of Colorado: Tobacco Industry and Front Groups - Papers on Philip Morris's accommodation/pre-emption program; Philip Morris media plan for Colorado; RJR's field force; smoker's groups bankrolled by the tobacco industry.
Meta Description: [ GASP of Colorado (Group to alleviate Smoking Pollution) is a statewide nonprofit organization that works to promote smoke-free policies and educate the public about the dangers of secondhand smoke. ]
Health Warning: Low Tar Cigarettes are a Deliberate Con - From Action on Smoking and Health in the UK. Covers emissions, smoker compensation, differences between expectations and reality for low tar cigarettes, and what the industry knew and how it behaved.
Meta Description: [ Action on Smoking and Health (ASH-UK): ASH supports the UK campaign for clear, effective legislation to reduce and eventually eliminate the carnage caused by tobacco. ]
Industry Activity around the World - Interviews with advocates on industry activity in Canada, Hong Kong, Poland, and Thailand.
Industry Spy Poses as A Science Writer - for 35 years [06/03/99] - A tobacco public relations man, masquerading as a journalist, spied on anti-tobacco science, scientists, and scientific organizations for more than a third of a century.
Meta Description: [ Everything for People Concerned About Smoking. ]
Inside Quotes from the Tobacco Industry - Brought to you by the Oklahoma Department of Health.
Joe Camel Campaign - In the litigation Mangini v. R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Collection, R.J. Reynolds and its advertising agencies were ordered to produce several million pages of documents regarding the design and implementation of the Joe Camel Campaign. Some of the most important documents from that are now available here.
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Law News Network -- Scathing Opinion in Smoking Case - Judge Munter says the evidence proves that Philip Morris waged a campaign to addict teen-agers and conspired to hide the health consequences of smoking from the public.
Meta Description: [ Law.com gives the legal professional access to personally relevant legal news, information and resources where and when it's needed. It sends legal news, case alerts and case information by daily e-mail. A division of American Lawyer Media. ]
Lawyer Control of Internal Scientific Research and Products Liability Lawsuits: The Brown and Williamson Documents - JAMA article on industry use of lawyers to control industry science.
Meta Description: [ JAMA, the Journal of the American Medical Association, is a highly cited weekly medical journal that publishes peer-reviewed new medical research findings and editorial opinions on a wide variety of topics important to clinical practice and biomedical science. JAMA has the largest circulation of ... ]
Manipulation: The Story of Imperial Tobacco and its Cigarettes - A history of Canadian tobacco giant Imperial Tobacco; incorporates information from recently released industry documents.
McLean v. Philip Morris - David McClean, who was the Marlboro Man for Philip Morris, died of lung cancer caused by smoking. The text of his widow's lawsuit against Philip Morris provides information on industry conduct over the years.
McSpotlight on the Tobacco Industry - Which tobacco company also makes Maxwell House coffee? Which is the largest tobacco company in the world? This site has answers.
Memo to Commerce Committee on Tobacco Documents - Memo from John Dingell, ranking member, to Democratic members of the House Commerce Committee, on the subpeonaed tobacco documents. Provides overview of what the documents reveal about industry manipulation, lobbying, litigation, PR, and lawyer control of scientific research.
Meta Description: [ The House Committee on Energy and Commerce :: Welcome, The House Committee on Energy and Commerce :: Welcome ]
Monitoring and Countering Tobacco Industry Influence - Seession from health conference addresses political and economic influence of the tobacco industry, its effects, and public health responses.
More Dirty Linen For Big Tobacco - Report on how the tobacco industry pressured other companies to scale back marketing of quit-smoking products.
Meta Description: [ Philip Morris says it doesn't do this kind of thing now, but a report says in the 1980s and early 1990s, the tobacco giant pressured drug companies not to badmouth smoking, by threatening not to buy other products sold by the drug companies. ]
Multinational Monitor - January/February issue of the magazine focuses on the tobacco industry.
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No Sale: 5. Legislative Recommendations - Faced with the prospect that state laws may be strengthened, the tobacco industry initiated a campaign to avert effective reform by enacting its own weaker proposals, designed to give the false appearance of reform without effecting meaningful change.
Our Good Friend, the Governor - Mother Jones article on tobacco industry influence on government in general, and Philip Morris influence specifically.
Meta Description: [ GOP governors secretly help Big Tobacco ]
Pervasive Influence of the Tobacco Industry - Report from National Network for Health outlines economic, political, legal, and marketing power of the industry.
Philip Morris: Death, Disease, and Duplicity - Rundown on tobacco giant Philip Morris, the largest tobacco company in the world. Features a section on its advertising abroad.
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PR Watch: Why Philip Morris Hates Trial Lawyers - Short item on tobacco giant Philip Morris, how it litigates, how it lobbies.
Public Health Under Attack: ASSIST and the Tobacco Industry - Research paper reports on how the tobacco industry mobilized a well-coordinated attack on a national stop-smoking project.
Public Versus Private Statements Made by the Tobacco Industry - Report contrasts what the tobacco said publicly with what it said in private, over a period of decades, on the subjects of nicotine and addiction, low-tar and low-nicotine cigarettes and smoker compensation, tobacco industry research and public relations, smoking and disease, and secondhand smoke.
Shameful Science: The Continuing Saga - Supplement covers Philip Morris and RJ Reynolds actions from 1992 to late 1998, plus some older documents that have come to light.
Smoke in the Eye - The Insider is about Jeff Wigand, CBS, and Big Tobacco. A documentary covering the facts behind the movie.
Smoking Gun - What's the biggest tobacco stock you've never heard of? Try Wal-Mart. Forbes article explains.
Meta Description: [ What's the best tobacco play you've never heard of? That folksy retailer from Bentonville. ]
Spiking Tobacco: How to Keep Smokers Hooked - About.com Guide. Documentation on how tobacco companies manipulate tobacco to keep smokers hooked.
Meta Description: [ Quit smoking with the help and support of About.com Smoking Cessation. Get the quit smoking support and information you need at our active smoking cessation support forum. Meet people just like you who are working to quit smoking permanently. Visit the smoking cessation website and find out how y... ]
Statements of Former Philip Morris Employees - CourtTV provides statements of Ian Uydess, William Farone, and Jerome Rivers. Covers nicotine manipulation, nicotine impact boosting, and research conducted by Philip Morris on nicotine addiction.
Taking on Tobacco - Audio interview with David Kessler; requires RealPlayer.
Meta Description: [ The Connection show archives. Find a past show by date or category/subcategory ]
The Cigarette Papers - A webumentary documenting what the industry knew and when they knew it, in their own words, and what they did to hide their knowledge, and to get their customers to doubt the dangers of smoking.
The Cigarette Papers - The Tobacco Industry and control of information about smoking and cancer; article from The Nation Magazine.
Meta Description: [ America's oldest and most widely read weekly journal of progressive political and cultural news, opinion and analysis. ]
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The Hazards Of Tobacco Companies - Article from environmental newsletter; mostly on industry media campaigns on secondhand smoke; some information on industry litigation and PR.
The Manufacturer of This Product May Have Engaged in Cover-Ups, Lies, and Concealment - Legal scholarship, extensively footnoted, provides examples of tobacco industry concealment.
Meta Description: [ Page Not Found at the Indiana University School of Law Bloomington ]
The Special Privileges of Tobacco - Tobacco industry use of lawyers to hide research.
Meta Description: [ A tale of lawyerly behavior and 'ethics' from Zitren & Langford's: The Moral Compass of the American Lawyer ]
The tobacco industry in Australia - Chapter in book on smoking covers tobacco industry structure, financials, lobbying tactics, public relations, and liability.
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The Tobacco Industry in the UK - ASH-UK factsheet. Covers the major companies, market share, their promotional activities, related organizations.
The Tobacco Reference Guide: The Tobacco Industry - Book chapter provides quotes and facts; all sources cited.
The Truth about Big Tobacco in Its Own Words - Editorial in the British Medical Journal urges opening of the Guildford depository of tobacco industry documents and explains what we've learned already from industry documents.
Tobacco and Health: Deception on a Grand Scale - Journal article is also expert witness testimony covering history of tobacco and the tobacco industry.
Tobacco Buster: Interview With Michael Pertschuk - A leading figure in tobacco control discusses industry activity, lobbying, and use of economic power, and explains why tobacco is so weakly regulated in the U.S.
Tobacco Company CEOs Declare Under Oath that Nicotine is Not Addictive - Transcript of the famous congressional hearings in which 7 tobacco CEOs declared that nicotine is not addictive.
Meta Description: [ Dr. Jeffrey Wigand, who exposed corporate deceit and wrongdoing in spite of threats to his career and the personal lives of those around him. ]
Tobacco Facts - From British Columbia, lots of information on smoking and the tobacco industry in Canada.
Tobacco Industry Pressured Insurance Companies - Story on tobacco industry pressure on insurance companies to drop nonsmoker rates.
Meta Description: [ Page Not Found ]
Tobacco Industry Pressured Insurance Cos. - When insurance companies started offering reduced premiums to nonsmokers in the late 1970s, cigarette makers fought them, industry documents show. The story from Channel 4000, WCCO.
Meta Description: [ Page Not Found ]
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Tobacco Industry Sponsorship in the United States - Public health report documents the nature and extent of tobacco industry sponsorship of events and organizations; 304 separate sponsorships identified during the period 1995-1999.
Tobacco Industry Statements - The tobacco industry has promised a new honesty and responsibility; this report reveals how little the industry measures up on three critical issues: the health effects of smoking, the health effects of secondhand smoke, and the addictiveness of nicotine.
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Tobacco Industry Tactics - Tactics used by the tobacco industry to legitimize its activities, promote its product, defeat health measures, and protect its profits, such as: glamorizing tobacco products; targeting youth, minorities and women; reassuring concerned smokers; tobacco industry prevention ad campaigns; Helping the Community; using power and politics; creating front groups; creating controversy; using the legal system to hide information; resistance to regulation.
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Tobacco industry undermines public health efforts worldwide - Documentation on tobacco industry PR, junk science, campaign contributions, lobbying, advertising and product promotion. Features story of how the U.S. Trade Representative, on behalf of Philip Morris and R.J. Reynolds Tobacco, helped force Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and Thailand to water down their tobacco restrictions.
Tobacco Industry Witnesses on Whether Smoking Causes Lung Cancer - Tobacco industry witnesses who argued against restrictions on secondhand smoke were asked if firsthand smoke, smoking cigarettes, causes lung cancer. These are their answers.
Meta Description: [ This material is from Dr. Glantz's post hearing comment submitted to the OSHA dockett on indoor air. ]
Tobacco Industry's Smoke Screen Blown - Report on tobacco industry tactics to attack WHO atni-tobacco efforts including: secretly paying individuals to attack WHO in the media; using paid contacts to infiltrate WHO committees and divert funds away from tobacco control; using paid scientists and journalists to manipulate research findings.
Tobacco's Dirty Tricks - ANR information on tobacco industry strategies.
Meta Description: [ Americans for Nonsmokers' Rights (ANR) works to pass legislation at all levels of government to protect nonsmokers from secondhand smoke and protect youth from tobacco addiction. The American Nonsmokers' Rights Foundation (ANRF), ANR's educational arm, promotes smoking prevention and education ab... ]
Tobacco's Smokescreens Revealed - Recent research identifies tobacco industry strategies to fight, delay, and water down health warnings, to prevent regulation of the tobacco industry, to circumvent advertising restrictions, and to give tobacco giant Philip Morris more lobbying power.
Meta Description: [ An Australian tobacco company was advised by its international offices to use sport sponsorship and campaigns against underage smoking as concessions in talks with the Government to prevent further restrictions on the industry. - Sydney Morning Herald Online ]
Trinkets and Trash - Gallery of cigarette ads and tobacco industry promotional items: t-shirts, caps, radios, and a wide variety of other items designed by tobacco companies to sell cigarettes, spit tobacco, and cigars.
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Trust Us: We're the Tobacco Industry - Concise guide to the millions of pages of confidential tobacco industry documents released through litigation in the United States; reveals what was going on behind closed doors in the tobacco companies.
Warning: Tobacco Shares Best Suited to Industry Loyalists - Investment column.
Washingtonpost.com: Tobacco Industry News - Collection of stories published in the Washington Post.
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