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In the broadest sense, a fraud is a deception made for personal gain, although it has a more specific legal meaning, the exact details varying between jurisdictions. Many hoaxes are fraudulent, although those not made for personal gain are not best described in this way. Not all frauds are hoaxes - electoral fraud, for example. Fraud permeates many areas of life, including art, archaeology and science. In the broad legal sense a fraud is any crime or civil wrong for gain that utilises some deception practiced on the victim as its principal method.

In criminal law, fraud is the crime or offense of deliberately deceiving another in order to damage them — usually, to obtain property or services from him or her unjustly. *. Fraud can be accomplished through the aid of forged objects. In the criminal law of common law jurisdictions it may be called "theft by deception," "larceny by trick," "larceny by fraud and deception" or something similar.

In academia and science, fraud can refer to academic fraud - the falsifying of research findings which is a form of scientific misconduct - and in common use intellectual fraud signifies falsification of a position taken or implied by an author or speaker, within a book, controversy or debate, or an idea deceptively presented to hide known logical weaknesses. Journalistic fraud implies a similar notion, the falsification of journalistic findings.

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WHO news

New drug being tested in Africa for river blindness
Wed, 01 Jul 2009 10:00:00 -0000
1 July 2009 -- The clinical trial of a drug that could eliminate river blindness is being launched in three African countries. Also known as onchocerciasis, this disease is one of the leading infectious causes of blindness across Africa.
Working relationship between the Russian Federation and WHO strengthened
Fri, 26 Jun 2009 00:00:00 -0000
26 June 2009 -- Dr Margaret Chan, Director-General of WHO, today met Mr Vladimir Putin, Prime Minister of the Russian Federation, during an official visit to the country. The visit has seen the strengthening of the working relationship between the Russian Federation and WHO.
Call to protect hospitals, schools from impact of disasters
Thu, 18 Jun 2009 10:00:00 -0000
18 June 2009 -- WHO and UNICEF today called on governments to strengthen risk reduction measures so that health and education systems are able to cope with disasters.
WHO welcomes sanofi-aventis's donation of vaccine
Wed, 17 Jun 2009 19:15:00 -0000
17 June 2009 -- WHO Director-General Dr Margaret Chan has welcomed the announcement by sanofi-aventis to donate 100 million doses of vaccine against the pandemic H1N1 2009 virus.
Pedestrians, cyclists among main road traffic crash victims
Mon, 15 Jun 2009 17:00:00 -0000
15 June 2009 -- The first global assessment of road safety finds that almost half of the estimated 1.27 million people who die in road traffic crashes every year are pedestrians, motorcyclists and cyclists. While progress has been made towards protecting people in cars, the needs of these vulnerable groups of road users are not being met.
Greater equity in health should be a progress indicator
Mon, 15 Jun 2009 16:00:00 -0000
15 June 2009 -- Greater equity in the health status of populations, within and between countries, should be regarded as a key measure of how we are making progress, said WHO Director-eneral Dr Margaret Chan today, speaking at the UN Headquarters in New York.

 
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AIDS Fraud Task Force - Advice and information on how to evaluate HIV products or treatments to prevent fraud.
Meta Description: [ This page contains information regarding the FDA/State AIDS Health Fraud Task Forces. This page also contains information to assist you to evaluate an HIV/AIDS product or treatment. ]

Bally Total Fitness - Articles and discussion over the alleged abuses and scams of the Bally Total Fitness national gym chain.
Meta Description: [ Bally Total Fitness:The Real Story ]

BBB Tips - Health - Articles mainly warning about dangerous or questionable products and services related to health care or pharmaceuticals.

Bureau of Health Professions - Manages and provides access to the National Practitioner Data Bank, the Healthcare Integrity and Protection Data Bank, and the Federal Credentialing Program.

DietFraud.com - Exposes diet fraud, rip-offs and scams and allows consumers to file complaints and even join class action lawsuits against companies that market fraudulent products and devices.
Meta Description: [ Diet and Weight Loss Fraud reviews fad diets, herbal scams, and potentially dangerous nutritional supplements, MLM companies, and quacks. ]

404 Federal Trade Commission - A list of online fact sheets on selected topics for which the Federal Trade Commission has had to address consumer complaints regarding fraud. Some are available in Spanish.

File a Complaint - Better business bureau online accepts your complains and forwards them to the appropriate law enforcement authorities.

404 Fraudulent Health Claims - Tips on spotting false claims, some medical problems that attract health fraud schemes, dietary supplement precautions, how to report a possible fraud.

404 GAO.gov Health Care Fraud Report - Information-sharing proposals to improve enforcement efforts on health care fraud cases.

Health Care Fraud Report - Features a broad range of health care fraud and abuse issues in the private insurance industry, managed care organizations, federal and state programs.
Meta Description: [ A complete yet concise synthesis of one of today's fastest growing legal specialties, the Report monitors a broad range of health care fraud and abuse issues in the private insurance industry, managed care organizations, and federal and state programs. ]

Health Hippo: Fraud and Abuse - Policy and regulatory materials related to health care fraud and abuse.

Health Watch UK - Information on how to spot fraudulent claims. Non-profit organization in the UK.
Meta Description: [ Welcome to the HealthWatch UK homepage ]

HealthWatcher.net - Provides several recourses related to health fraud including books and articles.
Meta Description: [ Healthwatcher.net brings you the best of the news and information about your health. We specialize in consumer information, especially health fraud, rip-offs in the diet and herbal medicine areas. ]

Internet Healthcare Coalition - Articles and Tips on how to avoid becoming a health fraud victim.
Meta Description: [ The Internet Healthcare Coalition is dedicated to identifying and promoting quality healthcare resources on the Internet. Founded in 1997 and based in Washington, D.C., the Coalition's membership represents every sector of the Internet health space, including consumers, commercial developers of h... ]

Medline Plus - Focuses on health fraud resources and tips on where to report fraud cases. Partially in Spanish.
Meta Description: [ Health Fraud ]

National Health Care Anti-Fraud Association - Issue-based organization for the detection, investigation, and prosecution of health care fraud.
Meta Description: [ Short description with valuable keywords here. ]

New Jersey AIDS Health Fraud Task Force - Identifies the promotion of an AIDS related health product, treatment or service that is known to be false, unproven, or potentially harmful.

Pay It Right - Protecting Medicare from Fraud - Online booklet on how to identify and avoid fraudulent Medicare billing practices and how to report suspected fraudulent products and practices.

Protecting Yourself Against Health Fraud - U. S. Food and Drug Administration Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition provides a guide to health care practices and products that may be fraudulent.
Meta Description: [ Protecting Yourself Against Health Fraud ]

Recognizing Fraud in Health Care - List of resources and links related to various kinds of health care fraud.
Meta Description: [ Information on varous kinds of health fraud and seniors and table of contents. ]

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