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In epidemiology, an epidemic (from Greek epi- upon + demos people) is a disease that appears as new cases in a given human population, during a given period, at a rate that substantially exceeds what is "expected", based on recent experience (the number of new cases in the population during a specified period of time is called the "incidence rate"). (An epizootic is the same thing but for a nonhuman population.)

Defining an epidemic can be subjective, depending in part on what is "expected". An epidemic may be restricted to one locale (an outbreak), more general (an "epidemic") or even global (pandemic). Because it is based on what is "expected" or thought normal, a few cases of a very rare disease like rabies may be classified as an "epidemic", while many cases of a common disease (like the common cold) would not.

Common diseases that occur at a constant but relatively high rate in the population are said to be "endemic". An example of an endemic disease is malaria in some parts of Africa (for example, Liberia) in which a large portion of the population is expected to get malaria at some point in their lifetimes.

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Autism - The Silent Epidemic - News article by Avia Ustanny describes findings that as many as one in ten children born in Jamaica are now diagnosed with spectrum disorders. Published in the Jamaica Gleaner.
Meta Description: [ Jamaica Gleaner News at ever turn seven days a week featuring Jamaican Sports, Island Business, Health, Education, Commentary, Letters ]

Epidemiology Report of Autism in California - Report to the Legislature on the principal findings of a pilot study conducted by UC Davis researchers. Findings indicate that the increase in autism cannot be explained by artificial factors, such as misclassification and criteria changes.
Meta Description: [ Home Page for the California Department of Developmental Services ]

404 M.I.N.D. Institute News: Dr. David G. Amaral Testimony - Testimony given before the US House Committee on Government Reform outlines the link between vaccines and the possible epidemic. Features summary of research findings
Meta Description: [ UC Davis Health System is charged with discovering and sharing knowledge and providing the highest quality care. UC Davis Health System pursues its mission through the education of physicians, medical investigators and other health-care providers; research into new medical knowledge and applying ... ]

Parents Ask Role Of Vaccines in Autism Epidemic - Report by the National Vaccine Information Center (NVIC) and the Autism Research Institute (ARI) calling on the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to launch a collaborative effort to investigate the possible relationship between vaccines and the epidemic.
Meta Description: [ The National Vaccine Information Center (NVIC) and the Autism Research Institute (ARI) are calling on the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to launch a public-private collaborative effort to investigate the possible relationship between vaccines and the autism epidemic. ]

The Autism Epidemic - Provides a summary of the debate concerning the increase in the incidence this developmental disability. Features quotes from newspaper articles and interviews.

The Autism Epidemic: Is the NIH and CDC Response Adequate? - US Congressman Dan Burton notes the dramatic rise in the cases of infantile autism. Report features an outline of challenges to government agencies.

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