Gourt > Society > Issues > Economic > Taxation (13)
A tax (also known as a "duty") is a financial charge or other levy imposed on an individual or a legal entity by a state or a functional equivalent of a state (e.g. tribes, secessionist movements or revolutionary movements). Taxes could also be imposed by a subnational entity.
Taxes may be part of a direct tax or indirect tax, and may be paid in money or as corvée labor. In modern, capitalist taxation systems, taxes are levied in money, but in-kind and corvée taxation are characteristic of traditional or pre-capitalist states and their functional equivalents.
Taxes are usually collected by a governmental agency such as the Internal Revenue Service in the United States. When taxes are not paid to a government's satisfaction, penalties such as fines, forfeiture, and imprisonment are carried out against the non-paying entity or individual. These penalties are also typically carried out by a governmental agency, such as the Federal Bureau of Investigation in the US. In most modern industrialized countries, when an individual fails to pay his government the taxes that that government demands of him, it will ultimately result in his imprisonment at the hands of the state.
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E-tax Matters - Provides basic information on the filing of tax returns, with the opportunity to submit questions to the site's sponsors.
Meta Description: [ This site provides practical tax advice for individuals
who want to pay the least amount of income tax allowable. ]
Gasoline Excise Tax - Historical Revenues: Fact Sheet - A history of the national gasoline tax, including yearly revenues since it began.
Information and Misinformation about Federal Tax Burdens - Center on Budget and Policy Priorities article arguing that the percentage of income that typical middle-class families pay in federal taxes is often overstated.
New York Times- IRS Is Allowing More Delinquents to Avoid Tax Bills - The Internal Revenue Service for more than a year has let many tax delinquents go without paying tax bills that total billions of dollars.
Progressive and Regressive Taxes Explained - Essay discussing the concepts of progressivity in taxation, the role of taxation in regulating the economy, and explaining why sales taxes are considered to be regressive.
Meta Description: [
Regressive taxes explained, and how they combine
with progressive taxes to make up our system of
taxation. When is a tax cut not a tax cut?
]
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Proposal for a Comprehensive Electronic Funds Transfer Tax - Suggesting replacing most or all federal taxes with a tax on electronic transfers of funds.
TaxPolicy.com - Quiz to determine your stance on tax policy.
Meta Description: [ Build your own tax policy in just ten minutes. Fun. Free. New. ]
The Future of State Taxation - Book available from the Urban Institute.
Meta Description: [ The Future of State Taxation ]
Who Pays? A Distributional Analysis of the Tax Systems in the 50 U.S. States - Study found that most states take a far greater share of income in taxes from middle- and low-income families than from the wealthy.
Meta Description: [ CTJ is a non-profit research and advocacy group focusing on federal, state and local tax policy ]
Forbes.com: Taxes & Estates News - Taxes & Estates News from Forbes.com
Forbes.com: Taxes & Estates News - Taxes & Estates News from Forbes.com
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