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Geology (from Greek γη- (ge-, "the earth") and λογος (logos, "word", "reason")) is the science and study of the solid matter of a celestial body, its composition, structure, physical properties, history and the processes that shape it. It is one of the Earth sciences. Geologists have helped establish the age of the Earth at about 4.6 billion (4.6x109) years, and have determined that the Earth's lithosphere, which includes the crust, is fragmented into tectonic plates that move over a rheic upper mantle (asthenosphere) via processes that are collectively referred to as plate tectonics. Geologists help locate and manage the earth's natural resources, such as petroleum and coal, as well as metals such as iron, copper, and uranium. Additional economic interests include gemstones and many minerals such as asbestos, perlite, mica, phosphates, zeolites, clay, pumice, quartz, and silica, as well as elements such as sulphur, chlorine, and helium.
Astrogeology refers to the application of geologic principles to other bodies of the solar system. However, specialised terms such as selenology (studies of the Moon), areology (of Mars), etc., are also in use.
The word "geology" was first used by Jean-André Deluc in the year 1778 and introduced as a fixed term by Horace-Bénédict de Saussure in the year 1779. An older meaning of the word was first used by Richard de Bury. He used it to distinguish between earthly and theological jurisprudence.
More on [ Geology ]
Geology :: Earth Sciences
Catastrophism :: Origins and Creation
The Top Party School Shoots For A Lower Ranking
Fri, 29 Aug 2008 15:00:00 -0400
The University of Florida in Gainesville is the No. 1-ranked party school. It's a distinction that surprises some students, and administrators hope new policies will help the school change that reputation.
Pick Of Palin Sets Up Battle For Female Voters
Fri, 29 Aug 2008 14:41:00 -0400
Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin, the first woman picked for a Republican presidential ticket, appeals to social and economic conservatives — and possibly disgruntled Clinton supporters. But it appears that John McCain will forfeit a chance to question Barack Obama's relative lack of experience.
McCain Picks Gov. Palin As Running Mate
Fri, 29 Aug 2008 13:00:00 -0400
Sen. John McCain surprised a lot of people Friday by picking Alaska Governor Sarah Palin as his vice presidential running mate. McCain is in Dayton, Ohio to make the announcement. Madeleine Brands talk to David Schaper who's at the McCain rally in Dayton.
The Talk of the Town
Lauren Collins: The Brooklyn painter Kehinde Wiley.
Lauren Collins Mon, 25 Aug 2008 04:00:00 -0000
The painter Kehinde Wiley first travelled to Nigeria in 1997. He was trying to find his father, whom he had never met, or, more crucially for a portraitist, seen. (His mother didn’t have any photographs.) After several weeks in Lagos, he found his dad, who welcomed him. But--like any . . .
James Surowiecki: What drives market volatility?
James Surowiecki Mon, 25 Aug 2008 04:00:00 -0000
American investors are frazzled. True, oil prices have fallen from their most vertiginous highs, the dollar is a bit stronger, and the stock market has actually risen over the past month. But none of those things have happened in a smooth and steady fashion. The stock market’s “ascent,” in particular . . .
Hendrik Hertzberg: What Barack Obama is up against.
Hendrik Hertzberg Mon, 25 Aug 2008 04:00:00 -0000
The week before the week before this week’s scheduled gathering of the delegates and their media camp followers in Denver, the nominee-presumptive of the Democratic Party did something that is strongly recommended, and ought to be mandatory, for anyone who has just logged a year and a half’s worth . . .
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An Introductory Guide to Continental Drift - Brief overview of the development of drift theory. Bibliography. Links to relevant sites
Bartleby.com: Sir Charles Lyell - Includes etexts of scientific papers, The Progress of Geology and Uniformity of Change
Meta Description: [ Sir Charles Lyell. Bartleby.com ]
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Cofrhigeorama - Provides historical information on geology, mineralogy, petrology and other Earth sciences. In French and English.
Meta Description: [ History of Geology and the Geosciences;histoire de la géologie, des géosciences, des sciences de la Terre;history of geology and the geosciences;Geschichte der Geologie, der Geosciences, der Wissenschaften der Masse;storia di geologia e di scienze della terra;historia de la geología y de los geos... ]
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GSA History of Geology Division - Web site includes organization information, as well as several papers on important geologists and their work.
HESS: History of the Earth Sciences Society - International society devoted to the history of earth sciences. Site has information about the organization and its journal, Earth Sciences History.
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Lord Kelvin and the Age of the Earth - Mathematical details of Lord Kelvin's young earth calculation, from a course in applied fourier analysis.
No Stone Unturned: The First 150 years of the Geological Survey of Canada - Describes the approval of the geological survey department, which was originally created to find coal ore and later for map making. Page describes the later success in finding other sources of minerals. Local animal and plants species were also recorded.
Meta Description: [ § The GSC has a rich and fascinating history dating back to its formation in 1842 ]
Out of Print Geology Books for sale - Also including books on paleontology, mineralogy, mining, explorations, early surveys, volcanology, seismology and meteoritics.
Meta Description: [ Ed Rogers Rare & Out of Print Books, Geoscience, Paleontology, Mineralogy, Mining, Stratigraphy, Exploration, rare railroad reports, Western Americana ]
The Great Devonian Controversy - A review of the book by Martin Rudwick about this 19th century geological controversy.
| Geology, Pajaro River Watershed Project. Kasey, Kevin, and Benjamin created a geology video for there science class. Were ... | |
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