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McCarthyism took place during a period of intense suspicion in the United States primarily from 1950 to 1954, when the U.S. government was actively countering alleged American Communist Party subversion, its leadership, and others suspected of being Communists or Communist sympathizers. During this period people from all walks of life became the subject of aggressive witch-hunts, often based on inconclusive or questionable evidence. It grew out of the Second Red Scare that began in the late 1940s and is named after the U.S. Senator Joseph McCarthy, a Republican of Wisconsin.

Background


In June of 1947, members of the Senate Appropriations Committee sent a confidential report to Secretary of State George Marshall, in which they stated:

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HUAC Hollywood Witnesses Assess Pro-Soviet Wartime Films - Jack Warner, Ayn Rand and Louis B. Mayer testify before the House UnAmerican Activities Committee.

: The Army-McCarthy Hearings - Transcript of the session that led to Senator McCarthy's downfall.

A Damaging Impression of Hollywood Has Spread - Movie Czar Eric Johnston testifies before HUAC.

Ayn Rand's HUAC Testimony - Libertarian author cooperates with Congressional investigation of Communist propaganda in American films. Includes introduction, background, and notes.
Meta Description: [ Ayn Rand's testimony before the House Un-American Activities Committee, with explanatory notes. ]

Communists Are Second to None in Our Devotion to Our People and to Our Country - Prosecution and defense statements from the 1949 trial of American Communist Party leaders.

Damage - Contemporary assessment by Collier's magazine of the Army-McCarthy hearings.

Enemies from Within - Senator Joseph R. McCarthy and President Harry S. Truman trade accusations of disloyalty.

Hollywood Blacklist - Article by Dan Georgakas from the Encyclopedia of the American Left documenting the persecution of suspected Communists in the entertainment industry.

HUAC and Censorship Changes - Article documenting HUAC's role in the blacklisting of suspected Communists in Hollywood and its attempts to influence the content of films produced in the late 1940s and 1950s.

HUAC, McCarthy, and the Reds - McCarthyism and the Blacklist - A brief, illustrated timeline of Joe McCarthy's life and the House Un-American Activities Committee.
Meta Description: [ The Communists are Coming! Communism and its agents are conspiring against you! Or at least that's what McCarthy and HUAC thought... ]

I Cannot and Will Not Cut My Conscience to Fit This Year's Fashions - Text of Lillian Hellman' s letter to the House Un-American Activities Committee refusing to name names.

I Have Sung in Hobo Jungles, and I Have Sung for the Rockefellers - Testimony of Pete Seeger to HUAC.

McCarran Internal Security Act - Partial text of a law [t]o protect the United States against certain Un American and subversive activities by requiring registration of Communist organizations.

National Suicide - Text of a statement by Margaret Chase Smith and six Republican Senators against Joseph McCarthy's attack on individual freedom

Not Only Ridiculous, but Dangerous - Collier's objects to Joseph McCarthy's attacks on the press.

Online NewsHour: Hollywood Blacklisting - Excerpts from the PBS documentary The Legacy of the Hollywood Blacklist.

404 Red Channels - The Blacklist - Excerpts from Red Channels: The Report of Communist Influence in Radio and Television (1950).

404 The Fight For America: Senator Joseph McCarthy - Essay by Jesse Friedman tracing the life and career of anti-Communist Senator Joseph McCarthy. Asserts he was a sleazy bully who ruined the careers of hundreds of innocent men and women [in order] to advance his own.
Meta Description: [ An essay on Senator Joseph McCarthy, professional demagogue, and his red-hunting. ]

The Hollywood Ten - Short biographies of the individuals who refused to testify in HUAC's hearings, thereby earning a place on the blacklist.

404 The New American: McCarthyism - Forty questions and answers about Senator Joseph McCarthy.

They Want to Muzzle Public Opinion - Testimony of John Howard Lawson before the House Un-American Activities Committee.

We Must Keep the Labor Unions Clean - Ronald Reagan and Walt Disney testify before the House UnAmerican Activities Committee blaming Hollywood labor conflicts on Communist Infiltration.

You Are the Un-Americans, and You Ought to be Ashamed of Yourselves - Testimony of Paul Robeson before the House Un-American Activities Committee.

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