Gourt > Society > History > By Time Period > Middle Ages > War and Weapons > Scottish Wars of Independence
The Wars of Scottish Independence were a series of military campaigns fought between Scotland and England in the late 13th and early 14th centuries.
The First War (1296–1328) began with the English invasion of Scotland in 1296, and ended with the signing of the Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton in 1328. The Second War (1332–1357) began with the English supported invasion of Edward Balliol and the 'Disinherited' in 1332, and ended around 1357 with the signing of the Treaty of Berwick. The wars were part of a great national crisis for Scotland and the period became one of the most defining moments in the nation's history. At the end of both wars, Scotland still retained her status as a free and independent nation, which was her main aim throughout the conflict. The wars were also important for other reasons, such as the emergence of the longbow as a key weapon in medieval warfare.
The First War of Independence: 1296-1328
Background
King Alexander III of Scotland passed away in 1286, leaving his three-year old grand-daughter Margaret (called 'the Maid of Norway') as his heir. In 1290, the Guardians of Scotland signed the Treaty of Birgham agreeing to the marriage of the Maid of Norway and Edward of Caernarvon, the son of Edward I, who was Margaret's great-uncle. This marriage would create a union between Scotland and England. The Scots insisted that the Treaty declare that Scotland was separate and divided from England and that its rights, laws, liberties and customs were wholly and inviolably preserved for all time. More on [ Wars of Scottish Independence ]
Wars :: History
Medieval :: History
Jacobite Rebellion :: Wars and Conflicts
Scottish :: Clans
The Scottish Enlightenment was far more important to Scottish History than even the Wars of Independence.
LawrenceMills (Lawrence Mills) Mon, 30 Nov 2009 23:08:55 -0000
The Scottish Enlightenment was far more important to Scottish History than even the Wars of Independence.
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Execution of Wallace - Essay on the war in 1298 between Scotland and England, which culminated in the execution of William Wallace.
Andrew De Moray - Essay on de Moray and his involvement in the Battle of Stirling Bridge.
Bannockburn - The Battle of Bannockburn, 1314, part of the Scottish War of Independence with map and sequence of events.
Meta Description: [ The Battle of Bannockburn, 1314, with map and sequence of events. ]
Falkirk - Description of the battle, and the betrayal of William Wallace.
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Famous Scots: Andrew de Moray - Brief biographical sketch of the Northern Scotland independence movement leader.
Meta Description: [ Gathering of the Clans - Devoted To All Things Scottish ]
First War of Scottish Independence - The war for independence and the story of the struggle fought and won by William Wallace and Robert Bruce.
Isabella of France - Brief biography of Isabella of France, who was Princess of Wales during the 13th-14th C. Scottish Wars.
Magic Dragon Multimedia - Modern and historical images and information concerning Robert Bruce and William Wallace.
Strathearn.com - War with England - Article detailing the history of Crieff, Comrie and Auchterarder - Perthshire. Features information about Wallace and Bruce at Stirling.
Meta Description: [ Crieff, Comrie & Auchterarder - Perthshire, Scotland.
Wallace and Bruce ]
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The Clan Cathcart - Another in the series of clan histories relevant to the Scottish Wars of Independence from Tartans.com.
Meta Description: [ Gathering of the Clans - Devoted To All Things Scottish ]
The Lord Lyon and his Jurisdiction - General information on Scottish heraldry, along with citations from 12th-19th Centuries for coats of arms.
The Wallace Cultural History List - Link to the Freedom-L mailing list which discusses the history, cultural and future of the Celtic Nations and their exiles in a relaxed, friendly environment.
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