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Sumer (or Shumer, Egyptian Sangar, Bib. Shinar, native ki-en-gir) was an ancient civilization located in the southern part of Mesopotamia (modern day southeastern Iraq) from the time of the earliest records in the mid 4th millennium BC until the rise of Babylonia in the late 3rd millennium BC. The term "Sumerian" applies to all speakers of the Sumerian language. Sumer is considered the first settled society in the world to have manifested all the features needed to qualify fully as a "civilization".
Background
The term "Sumerian" is an exonym, first applied by the Akkadians. The Sumerians called themselves "the black-headed people" (sag-gi-ga) and their land "place of the civilized lords" (ki-en-gir). The Akkadian word Shumer possibly represents this name in dialect.
The Sumerians were a non-Semitic people and were at one time believed to have been invaders. However, the archaeological record shows cultural continuity from the time of the Early Ubaid period (5200-4500 BC C-14, 6090-5429 calBC) settlements in southern Mesopotamia. The Sumerian people who settled here farmed the lands in this region that were made fertile by the Tigris and the Euphrates rivers.
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siak uh. mandi lambat. beh sumer da siap. sial uh.
ayulysa (ayulysa) Sun, 01 Nov 2009 05:23:04 -0000
siak uh. mandi lambat. beh sumer da siap. sial uh.
it's hot today. indian sumer?
go_4_broke (go_4_broke) Sun, 01 Nov 2009 04:34:18 -0000
it's hot today. indian sumer?
@dorkmuffin36 yep every sumer we pick the gkids up for 2wks, or I should say 10-14 days, b4 they've had enuff or we've had enuff lol
Janice_830 (Janice ⢠B) Sun, 01 Nov 2009 04:19:25 -0000
@dorkmuffin36 yep every sumer we pick the gkids up for 2wks, or I should say 10-14 days, b4 they've had enuff or we've had enuff lol
kalo ko ader duet, ko nak aper sumer dapat. best per. sial.
ayulysa (ayulysa) Sun, 01 Nov 2009 03:47:45 -0000
kalo ko ader duet, ko nak aper sumer dapat. best per. sial.
@kosugi Miri it is while sumer ilast with fugheles song.
iratqq (ããã) Sun, 01 Nov 2009 02:28:34 -0000
@kosugi Miri it is while sumer ilast with fugheles song.
@kamilinchu ;) Aunque segun mi opinion tener amigos es facebook, a veces es la fachada.. muchos agregan por sumer y decir: tengo 1000
Loretohirsch (Loreto Hirsch) Sun, 01 Nov 2009 01:46:59 -0000
@kamilinchu ;) Aunque segun mi opinion tener amigos es facebook, a veces es la fachada.. muchos agregan por sumer y decir: tengo 1000
Ancient Sumer History - Information on important city-states, prehistorical and historical data, images, and maps.
Meta Description: [ The Ancient History of Sumer in Mesopotamia ]
Ancient Sumeria - Includes facts, stories, and mythology.
Aphrodite (Inanna) - Extracts from texts of Sumerian King List and Epic of Gilgamesh.
Enki, A Sumerian High God - A cast of one of the longest and best preserved of the extant Sumerian narrative poems.
Map of Sumerian Neolithic and Chalcolithic Archaeological Sites - Sumerian migration.
Mesopotamia - The Sumerians - The history including information on the monarchy, writing, science and mathematics, religion, and law.
Meta Description: [ This chapter of ]
Proverbs from Ki-en-gir (Sumer) - List of sayings.
Sumer - A history of the people that settled in southern Mesopotamia.
Sumerian - The background, history, and information of those who became kings.
Sumerian Agriculture and Hunting - The life of the farmers.
Sumerian Archaeological Discoveries - The largest city of graves ever found.
Sumerian Art and Architecture - Examples of great skill and artistry with images.
Sumerian Culture - The accomplishments of the people.
Sumerian Cylinder Seals - Examples and information on cylinder-shaped stones carved with a decorative design when rolled over wet clay would mark or identify clay tablets, envelopes, ceramics and bricks.
The Ludlul Bêl Nimeqi - A story with striking similarities to the Book of Job, c. 1700 B.C.E.
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The Reforms of Urukagina - The rule of the king around 4000 B.C., the world's first reformer.
The Sumerian King List - Surviving clay tablet dated by ascribe who wrote it in the reign of King Utukhegal of Erech (Uruk).
Welcome in the Olden Time - Sumerian - Translations of cuneiform tables by King Gudea with images.
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