Soldiers or warriors who fought mounted on horseback are commonly known as cavalry. The designation was not usually extended to any military force which used other animals, such as camels or mules. Infantry who moved on horseback but dismounted to fight on foot were in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries known as dragoons, a class of mounted troops which later evolved into cavalry proper while retaining their historic title. From earliest times cavalry had the advantage of improved mobility, an "instrument which multiplied the fighting value of even the smallest forces, allowing them to outflank and avoid, to surprise and overpower, to retreat and escape according to the requirements of the moment." A man fighting from horseback also had the advantage of height, speed and weight over an opponent on foot.
In some modern armies (especially the United States Army), the term cavalry is often used for units that fill the traditional horse-borne light cavalry roles of scouting, screening, skirmishing and raiding. The shock role, traditionally filled by heavy cavalry, is generally filled by units with the "Armoured" designation.
Civil War :: United States
Horse :: Mounted

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Buford's Cavalry in the Gettysburg Campaign - The contributions of the First Division, Cavalry Corps, Army of the Potomac, during the Gettysburg Campaign.
Ohio Civil War Cavalry - Brief unit histories from the Report of the Great Reunion of the Veteran Soldiers and Sailors of Ohio held at Newark, July 22, 1878.
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Union Cavalry Operations - Site dealing with the Army of the Potomac's Cavalry Corps. Information on the use of cavalry during the American civil war.
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