Johnson was the only Southern Senator not to leave when their states seceded. Although a slaveowner, he supported the Union, was appointed military governor of Tennessee, and fought the rebellion there. In 1864 he was nominated as a war Democrat as Vice President on a new unity party ticket with Lincoln. When the war ended he took charge of "Presidential Reconstruction," that is the first part of Reconstruction, 1865-1866. His conciliatory policies towards the South, his hurry to reincorporate the former Confederates back into the mainstream, and his vetoes of civil rights bills embroiled him in a bitter dispute with the Radical Republicans. In 1866 he lost control to his enemies the Radical Republicans. The Radicals in the House of Representativesimpeached him in 1868; he was the first President to be impeached, but he was acquitted by a single vote in the Senate.
Early life
Johnson was born on December 291808, in Raleigh, North Carolina, to Jacob Johnson and Mary McDonough. When Johnson was three, his father died from "disease" after saving the lives of several friends. At the age of 10 he was apprenticed to a tailor, but at age 16 he and his brother ran away to Greeneville, Tennessee, where he found work as a tailor. Karin L Zipf. Labor Of Innocents: Forced Apprenticeship in North Carolina, 1715-1919 (2005) pp 8-9 He never attended any type of school; he credited his wife, Eliza McCardle Johnson with teaching him to read and write.
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