Gourt > Society > History > By Region > North America > United States > Colonial (4)
See colony and colonisation for examples of colonialism which do not refer to Western colonialism. Colonialism is the extension of a nation's sovereignty over territory beyond its borders by the establishment of either settler colonies or administrative dependencies in which indigenous populations are directly ruled or displaced. Colonizers generally dominate the resources, labor, and markets of the colonial territory and may also impose socio-cultural, religious and linguistic structures on the conquered population; this has led critics of colonialism to call it cultural imperialism. However, though colonialism is often used interchangeably with imperialism, the latter is broader as it covers control exercised informally (via influence) as well as formally. The term colonialism also refers to a set of beliefs used to legitimize or promote this system, especially the ethnocentric belief that the mores of the colonizer are superior to those of the colonized. Such beliefs are often a form of racism, and were codified as pseudo-scientific theories at the end of the 19th century. The historical phenomenon of European colonisation may be broadly divided into two large waves, the first one starting with the "Age of Exploration" and the beginning of the Columbian Exchange, and the second one beginning in the second part of the 19th century with the New Imperialism period. Colonisation and decolonisation have overlapped themselves, since most of the New World colonies had already acquired their independence when the scramble for Africa and the New Imperialism began. However, many authors argue that colonialism doesn't end with the decolonisation, largely achieved in the 1960s apart from the Portuguese colonies: neocolonialism is a form of continuing colonialism by other means, while postcolonialism refers to the legacy of colonialism on the "subaltern subjects", as Gayatri Spivak has put it.
Types of colonialism
Settler colonies, dependencies, plantations colonies, trading posts
Different types of colonialism may be distinguished, according to the form of colonization and also the date. Settler colonies, such as the original thirteen states of the United States of America, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and Argentina arose from the emigration of peoples from a metropole, or mother country, and involved displacement of the indigenous peoples to their permanent detriment According to political scientist Norman Finkelstein, population transfers were considered as an almost humanist solution to the problems of ethnic conflict, up until around World War II and even a little afterward, in certain cases. Transfer was considered a drastic but 'often necessary' means to end an ethnic conflict or ethnic civil war, and was rendered easy through the invention of railroads. See Image and Reality of the Israel-Palestine Conflict, 2nd Ed (Verso, 2003) p.xiv - also An Introduction to the Israel-Palestine Conflict . Settler colonies may be contrasted with dependencies, where the colonizers did not arrive as part of a mass emigration, but rather as administrators over existing sizeable native populations, exercising control by use or threat of force. Examples in this category include the British Raj, Egypt, the Dutch East Indies and the Japanese colonial empire. In some cases large-scale colonial settlement was attempted in substantially pre-populated areas and the result was either an ethnically mixed population (such as the mestizos of the Americas), or racially divided, such as in French Algeria or Southern Rhodesia. A fourth category may be considered for plantation colonies such as Barbados, Saint-Domingue and Jamaica where the white colonizers imported black slaves who rapidly began to outnumber their owners, leading to minority rule, similar to a dependency. Trading posts, such as Macau, Malacca, Deshima and Singapore constitute a fifth category, where the primary purpose of the colony was to engage in trade rather than as a staging post for further colonization of the hinterland.
More on [ Colonialism ]
Colonial Civilian :: North America
French and Indian War :: Wars and Conflicts
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news4affiliates (NewsForAffiliates) Tue, 29 Dec 2009 17:36:48 -0000
New Post: After Christmas Markdowns and $10 off at Colonial Candle ( http://bit.ly/4qY8ZS )
New Post: After Christmas Markdowns and $10 off at Colonial Candle ( http://www.newsforaffiliates.com/1937-revision/ )
news4affiliates (NewsForAffiliates) Tue, 29 Dec 2009 17:36:40 -0000
New Post: After Christmas Markdowns and $10 off at Colonial Candle ( http://www.newsforaffiliates.com/1937-revision/ )
SERIATIM: « Identité nationale et passé colonial.Pour un véritable débat » -N°602-3e année : http://wik.io/53ni
alaingabriel (alaingabriel) Tue, 29 Dec 2009 17:34:59 -0000
SERIATIM: « Identité nationale et passé colonial.Pour un véritable débat » -N°602-3e année : http://wik.io/53ni
Anyone else remember American Girl Dolls? I had Felicity, the colonial one. Check out the newest, a nature-loving hipster: http://ow.ly/Qgpu
era3ella (erin) Tue, 29 Dec 2009 17:32:50 -0000
Anyone else remember American Girl Dolls? I had Felicity, the colonial one. Check out the newest, a nature-loving hipster: http://ow.ly/Qgpu
The right to revolution. What is it? How was it used in colonial America? 60-Second Civics: http://www.civiced.org iTunes: http://ow.ly/P5k3
60SecondCivics (60-Second Civics ) Tue, 29 Dec 2009 17:25:15 -0000
The right to revolution. What is it? How was it used in colonial America? 60-Second Civics: http://www.civiced.org iTunes: http://ow.ly/P5k3
João Pessoa vai virar a Angola Colonial na filmagem de um filme nacional ...O Set de filmagem da angola sera em JP hahaha
Abelardo_Neto (Abelardo Netoo) Tue, 29 Dec 2009 17:22:29 -0000
João Pessoa vai virar a Angola Colonial na filmagem de um filme nacional ...O Set de filmagem da angola sera em JP hahaha
A Colonial Family and Community - Learn about colonial life in a Connecticut community at the Henry Ford Museum and Greenfield Village's interactive educational site.
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A Walking Tour of Plimoth Plantation - Take a virtual tour of Plimoth (Plymouth) Plantation, the first permanent European settlement in southern New England (AD 1620).
Backdraft: The Fire Engine in the Colonial Community - This PBS electronic field trip lets elementary school students explore civic duty, health and safety issues, and the trades that created the 18th Century fire engine.
Meta Description: [ This Web site, provided by the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS), is home to more than 350 television show companion sites in addition to Web-original sites. PBS Online hosts interactive content for everyone including kids, parents, educators, and the general audience. ]
Classics of American Colonial History - Collection of pre-1923 articles and books.
Colonial America - Learn about the history of the 13 colonies, colonial currency and religion, through photographs and manuscripts from the Library of Congress.
Meta Description: [ Montgomery County Public Schools web file not found error page ]
Colonial America Discussion Port - This forum is devoted to the light-hearted discussion of all aspects of life in Colonial America, including live chat room.
Colonial America Newspapers - Information about the beginning of newspapers in the colonies, beginning with the first one published in 1690 (Benjamin Harris' Publick Occurrences), which lasted only one issue before being suppressed.
Meta Description: [ Extensive Web site focusing primarily on how newspapers and the press covered major, and not so major, events in American history. Also information for newspaper collectors. ]
Colonial America Resources - Electronic copies of Poor Richard's Almanac, and other materials from 1700's.
Meta Description: [ Electronic Copies of Poor Richard's Almanac and other materials from 1700's that can be found in the Gettysburg College Special Collections. ]
Colonial America Scavenger Hunt - Project has 35 questions about colonial life, complete with links to a web site with the answer. Designed for students, with links leading to information about colonial justice, trades, education, medicine, slavery, government, and food.
Colonial America to 1775 - Listings of 18th Century history at About.com.
Meta Description: [ An extensive homework and learning resource for students, parents and teachers. For students of all levels, we offer homework help, college admissions information and the latest scoop on distance learning, adult education programs, and graduate school. Educators will find lesson plans and class... ]
Colonial Hall: Biographies of America's Founding Fathers - Learn early American history through excerpts from the 1829 book.
Colonial USA Archives - Historical text archives and resources links to the Colonial period.
Meta Description: [ The Historical Text Archive publishes high quality articles, books, essays, documents, historical photos, and links, screened for content, for a broad range of historical subjects. The HTA is a collection of primary and secondary materials and links to other resources relating to history and cult... ]
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation History - Includes history and the education resources available to students and Colonial history enthusiasts.
Meta Description: [ Includes colonial history resources, guide to visiting Williamsburg, children's activities, Foundation's mission, giving opportunities. ]
Cultural Readings: Colonization and Print in the Americas - An exhibition of books, manuscripts, illustrations, and maps from the Penn Library.
Davistown Museum - History of hand tools and technology in USA, colonial history of the Davistown Plantation (Liberty and Montville, Maine) and coastal Maine Native Americans (Wawenoc Indians). Includes extensive bibliography.
Meta Description: [ Davistown Plantation became Liberty & Montville Maine. History from 16th - 20th century includes hand tool manufacturing, indians, bibliographies, web links ]
Early American Secular Music and Its European Sources, 1589-1839: An Index - A series of primary source indexes covering the early history of the United States. Entries searchable and sorted by text (titles, first lines, recitatives, chorus and burden), by music incipits (represented in scale degrees, stressed notes and interval sequences), with additional indexes of names and theater works. A project of the Colonial Music Institute.
Early Colonial Era - A timeline of significant events to 1700 at The History Place.
Meta Description: [ A timeline of significant events. ]
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Education in Colonial America - Education, literacy and schools in Colonial America from Gettysburg College.
Exploring the West from Monticello - Exhibition of maps and navigational artifacts from Columbus to the Lewis and Clark expedition at the University of Virginia.
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Firefighting In Colonial America - Historical information about early attempts at firefighting in America, traced all the way back to Jamestown, Virginia, the first permanent English settlement in the New World.
Flowerdew Hundred - One the earliest colonial land grants in North America, Flowerdew Hundred now showcases material culture collections, exhibits, and education programs.
Founding Fathers Forum Frigate - Discussion forum and live chat devoted to the Founding Fathers.
Meta Description: [ The Founding Fathers Discussion Deck. ]
Fourth of July Celebrations Database - From American University, selected examples of Independence Day celebrations throughout US history.
Harper Central - This site covers different conditions and aspects of each of the thirteen colonies.
History of South West Virginia (to 1800) - This is a little known history of America's Frontier from discovery through the colonial period.
History of the American Founding Fleet - Forums and live chats devoted to colonial America.
Meta Description: [ HISTORY OF THE AMERICAN FOUNDING North Carolina Navy: For
Discussing HISTORY OF THE AMERICAN FOUNDING ]
John Smith: Starving Time in Virginia - A description by John Smith of the dire circumstances of the first years of the Virginia colony's settlement, 1607-1614.
Life in Colonial America - Fact sheet of life in the New England and southern colonies.
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Lost Roanoke Colony - Details the history of the colony and explores the mystery of its disappearance.
Meta Description: [ Library Reference Search, Site examines the lost colony of Roanoke. ]
Maps of Colonial America - Hargrett Library Rare Maps listings of colonial America.
Moody, Lady Deborah - Biographical information about the only woman to plan and direct a permanent settlement in colonial America, at Long Island.
Meta Description: [ Nobody knows where Lady Deborah Moody is buried, but an appropriate epitaph would have been what one official wrote about her in 1644: ``Shee is a dangerous woeman.'' ]
Mourt's Relation - Describes in detail the first year at Plymouth, from the pilgrims landing to the arrival of the ship Fortune.
New Netherland Project - Its primary objective is to complete the transcription, translation, and publication of all Dutch documents in New York repositories relating to the seventeenth-century colony of New Netherland.
Meta Description: [ Its primary objective is to complete the transcription, translation, and publication of all Dutch documents in New York repositories relating to the seventeenth-century colony of New Netherland. This unique resource has already proven invaluable to scholars in a wide variety of disciplines. It al... ]
Noah Webster Discussion Port - Forum for discussing the life and works of Noah Webster.
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Politics and Policy: Architronic - North American city planning by the British during the Colonial period from 1660-1710.
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Schooling, Education, and Literacy in Colonial America - Includes a map of Colonial educational institutions.
Slave Movement During the 18th and 19th Centuries - Information on slave movement and the slave trade of the 18th and 19th centuries at the DPLS Archive.
Society of Early Americanists - Devoted to the exchange of ideas and information about America prior to 1800. Includes library of texts and images, as well as information about recent publications.
Meta Description: [ SEA Homepage ]
Spanish Colonial Military Artifacts - Exhibition and interpretation of ca. 1650-1821 Spanish colonial military artifacts from the former Spanish Floridas and Louisiana. Emphasis is on such uniform-related materials as buttons, buckles, and insignia.
Meta Description: [ This site is dedicated to the exhibition and interpretation of ca. 1539-1821 Spanish colonial military artifacts from the former Spanish Floridas and Louisiana. Emphasis is on such uniform-related materials as buttons, buckles, and insignia. ]
Squantum (Squanto) and Cupids - The life story of Squantum (Squanto), a native american who helped the Pilgrim Fathers.
Meta Description: [ Newfoundland and Labrador E-zine ]
The Bubble Project - Collaborative project on the South Sea Bubble Crisis (the stock market crash of 1720), which impacted lives in England, and the American Colonies.
The First American Theatre - A history of the earliest theatrical performances in America.
Meta Description: [ Bitter Puritanical opposition to plays and play-acting. Severe laws passed prohibiting stage entertainment of any kind. Earliest records of theatrical performance in America. Tony Aston, the first actor to appear in New York. Performance in Boston causes a riot. First theatre in America built in ... ]
The Liberty Tree - A broad-based site celebrating the American spirit, especially during the Revolution. There are also personal writings, and movie reviews.
The Mayflower Page - Extensive historical data, including passenger list, crew, documents, crime and punishments on board, and pilgrim writings.
The People of Colonial Albany Live Here - Interactive web exhibit of the Colonial Albany Social History Project, a model community history program sponsored by the New York State Museum.
Thomas Hariot's A Briefe and True Report of the New Found Land of Virginia - Archive edition at the University of Virginia.
Meta Description: [ A Briefe and True Report of the New Found Land of Virginia : of the Commodities and of the Nature and Manners of the Naturall Inhabitants : Discouered b the English Colon There Seated by Sir Richard Greinuile Knight In the eere 1585 : Which Remained Vnder the Gouerenment of Twelue Monethes, At... ]
Trade in Colonial America - Understanding the colonial economy, presented by ECONnections.
What Did the Colonists Eat? - A discussion of early foodstuffs at Jamestown by the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities.
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